10 results
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome - Diagnosis and Management Summary
A defect in arterial oxygenation due to a gas exchange
in arterial oxygenation ... (Type 1) or anatomic ... shunt (Type 2) ... cycles after right atrial ... passage • Arterial
Negative Contrast Effect in Right Atrium - Differential Diagnosis
1. Small secundum ASD or PFO with left
Negative Contrast ... Diagnosis 1. ... to right shunt 2. ... #clinical #echocardiogram ... #s4c #pocus #bubble
Portopulmonary Hypertension
Presence of pulmonary arterial hypertension in a patient with portal hypertension
No other obvious causes (chronic
Presence of pulmonary arterial ... thromboembolism) 1) ... Transthoracic echocardiogram ... ventricular size, Right atrial ... ventricular septum 2)
Rheumatic Heart Disease - Mitral Stenosis on Echocardiogram
(1) Thickened and fibrosed MV leaflets - rheumatic etiology
(1) Thickened ... (2) Lvef 25-30% ... spontaneous echo contrast ... (7) patient in atrial ... clinical #cardiology #a4c
Preoperative Risk Evaluation

Major Pre-Op Questions:
1. Does the patient have any modifiable risk factors that could be
Any implantable devices ... risk Chest X-ray ... CARP, DECREASE V trials ... management for select ... stratification #diagnosis
Double Shunt on Echocardiogram
What do you see on this saline contrast study, in a patient with
What do you see ... 1. ... bubbles = PFO 2. ... as RAP>LAP as atrial ... clinical #pocus #a4c
Amyloidosis - Summary
Group of disorders associated with extracellular deposition of fibrils formed from low-molecular-weight proteins in
: 1. ... Clinical suspicion 2. ... activation → IL-1 ... Testing: • EKG • Echocardiogram ... disproportionate atrial
Transesophageal Echocardiogram (TEE) Windows
1. ME 5-Chamber view 
2. ME 4-Chamber view 
3. ME-Commissural view 
4. ME
Transesophageal Echocardiogram ... (TEE) Windows 1 ... ME Left Atrial Appendage ... #TEE #Windows # ... Views #diagnosis
Arterial Line - Pulse Pressure Variation (PPV)
Pressure Variation (PPV) represents an interaction between lungs and heart.
Arterial Line - ... must be met: 1. ... filling time) 2. ... interacting) In contrast ... @nickmmark #arterial
Intraoperative Hypoxia / Desaturation / Cyanosis - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
Using these steps from start
help AND check arterial ... lead ECG, chest X-ray ... airway pressure → 2- ... Anaphylaxis → 3-1 ... Intraoperative #Checklist #Diagnosis