10 results
Severe Mitral Stenosis on Transesophageal Echocardiogram
Spontaneous contrast 'smoke' in the left atrium
AF + stasis = huge
Echocardiogram ... left atrium AF ... stasis = huge risk ... of thrombus ... #Echocardiogram
Coronary Artery Embolism - Etiology and Scoring
Etiology:
 • Direct: Clot (LV thrombus, LAA Thrombus), Valve (Vegetation,
Angiography or Cardiac ... non-culprit vessels • Atrial ... Presence of embolic risk ... PFO, ASD, h/o of cardiac ... Artery #Embolism #diagnosis
Atrial Fibrillation (A-Fib) Summary

Symptoms:
• Palpitations, light-headedness, dizziness, dyspnea, exercise intolerance, chest pain, near-syncope, syncope.

Why?
Cardiac:
	• Valvular heart
Cardiac: • Valvular ... cardiovascular risk ... thrombus • Digoxin ... to exclude thrombus ... Fibrillation #AFib #diagnosis
Approach to the Hypercoagulable State
Arterial thromboembolism
→ Cardiac rhythm monitoring, Echocardiogram, Vascular imaging
→ Test for APS, particularly
Approach to the ... thromboembolism → Cardiac ... rhythm monitoring, Echocardiogram ... are not a major risk ... Workup #hematology #diagnosis
Cardiac LV Thrombus on Echocardiogram Short-Axis View (PSAX)
48 year old woman in ICU for acute ischemic
Cardiac LV Thrombus ... on Echocardiogram ... Short-Axis View (PSAX ... are not POCUS: serial ... #Cardiac #LV #Echocardiogram
Preoperative Risk Evaluation

Major Pre-Op Questions:
1. Does the patient have any modifiable risk factors that could be
exam Determine Cardiac ... - Cataract Plan ... Chest X-ray: ... postoperative cardiac ... stratification #diagnosis
Transesophageal Echocardiogram (TEE) Windows
1. ME 5-Chamber view 
2. ME 4-Chamber view 
3. ME-Commissural view 
4. ME
Transesophageal ... Echocardiogram ( ... TEE) Windows 1. ... ME Left Atrial Appendage ... Views #diagnosis
Peripartum Cardiomyopathy - Summary
1. Definition
 • Towards the end of pregnancy to 5 months postpartum
Differential Diagnosis ... LVEDd > 6.0 cm, LV thrombus ... and timing with Cardio-OB ... Serial TTE and close ... follow-up with Cardio-OB
Malignant Hyperthermia Crisis - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
Unexplained increase in ETCO2 AND tachycardia AND increased
Temperature rise ... dantrolene and cardiac ... Box D). ⓭ Plan ... INVESTIGATIONS Arterial ... Intraoperative #Checklist #Diagnosis
Tropical Endomyocardial Fibrosis (EMF)
snrunken ventnoes
Hallmark chronic EMF features include:
 • Apical obliteration of the left and/or
with overlying thrombus ... in cardiac MR ( ... ventricles and marked atria ... Eosinophilia may play ... EMF #cardiology #diagnosis