22 results
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
Diagnosis Framework ... cells per μL • Diagnosis ... required until immune ... tuberculomas, or abscesses ... enhancement on CT
Neurological Manifestations of Tuberculosis
Spinal Arachnoiditis & Polyradiculopathy:
 • Subacute onset of limb weakness, bladder/bowel dysfunction, muscle
(IRIS): • In HIV ... lymphadenopathy, pulmonary ... stroke Tuberculous Abscess ... • Caused by immune ... #Tuberculosis #diagnosis
Pulmonary Renal Syndrome

Definition: Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage + Glomerulonephritis
Presentation (Pulmonary and renal manifestations can occur weeks apart):
Differential Diagnosis ... Syndromes: • Pauci-Immune ... infiltrates) → high ... resolution chest CT ... #nephrology
Endocarditis checklist
Initial evaluation
 • Peripheral blood cultures (three sets at three different sites)
 • Additional culture
Endocarditis checklist ... TEE) • Chest CT ... endocarditis w/ septic pulmonary ... for metastatic infection ... #criticalcare #diagnosis
Nontuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM) Infections 

Mycobacterial species other than those belonging to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and
mucogenicum • HIV ... gastrointestinal symptoms ... Diagnosis Of NTM ... • Clinical (Symptoms ... res CT) • Exclusion
Tuberculosis Overview

10 million new M. tuberculosis infections/year
Facultative intracellular rod-shaped bacteria
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) accounts for 4.6% of
emboli • Lung abscess ... Progression: (+) Immune ... rest LTBI (-) Immune ... • HIV: 2/3 pulmonary ... Tuberculosis Diagnosis
Tuberculosis Overview

10 million new M. tuberculosis infections/year
Facultative intracellular rod-shaped bacteria
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) accounts for 4.6% of
emboli • Lung abscess ... Progression: (+) Immune ... rest LTBI (-) Immune ... • HIV: 2/3 pulmonary ... Tuberculosis Diagnosis
Lung Abscess - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Lung Abscess Etiology:
 • Necrosis of lung parenchyma by a
Lung Abscess - Diagnosis ... polymicrobial infection ... degrees • Chills, night ... seen • Chest CT ... #pulmonary #differential
Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome - Overview of IRIS

What Is IRIS?
	• A state of hyperinflammatory response that
Immune Reconstitution ... • 10-20% of HIV-infected ... a decrease in HIV ... Lymphadenitis, pulmonary ... osteomyelitis, cutaneous abscesses
Bronchiectasis - Summary

What?
• Bronchiectasis is derived from the Greek words bronckos meaning airway and ectasis meaning
inflammation Symptoms ... parenchyma Diagnosis ... chest CT) • Broncho-arterial ... , CCP, ANCA • HIV ... #differential #diagnosis