398 results
Multiple Endocrine Neoplasias (MEN syndromes) 

MEN I
• Hyperparathyroidism 
• Hypercalcemia 
• Possible ZE syndrome 
• Various
Neoplasias (MEN syndromes ... ) MEN I • Hyperparathyroidism ... • Possible ZE syndrome ... MEN IIa • Hyperparathyroidism ... Classification #Diagnosis
Hypocalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Low and High Phosphate
LOW PHOSPHATE
 - Low/NormaI PTH
- Differential Diagnosis ... Phenytoin, Nephrotic Syndrome ... NormaI PTH • Hypoparathyroidism ... Low PTH • Hypoparathyroidism ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Hyperparathyroidism - Primary vs Secondary vs Tertiary 
Lab Comparison:
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism: ↑→PTH, ↑Calcium, ↑Vitamin D,
Hyperparathyroidism ... • Secondary Hyperparathyroidism ... Phosphate Physical Symptoms ... pain Psychiatric Symptoms ... #diagnosis #endocrinology
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid hormone–dependent
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
Lithium-associated
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Genetic disorders (e.g., multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 or
hormone–dependent Primary hyperparathyroidism ... type 2A, familial hyperparathyroidism ... Other humoral syndromes ... disease - Williams syndrome ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Hypophosphatemia Diagnostic Algorithm
- GI Losses
- Redistribution
- 1° HPT
- 1° Renal PO4 wasting: Hereditary, TIO, Fanconi Syndrome,
Hypophosphatemia Diagnostic ... Redistribution - 1° HPT ... , TIO, Fanconi Syndrome ... phosphorus #low #diagnosis
BEE Syndromes - Immune-mediated conditions affecting the brain, eye, and ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in conjunction
Visual or auditory symptoms ... conjunction with symptoms ... important, as early diagnosis ... and treatment can ... #differential #diagnosis
Refeeding Syndrome Overview

What Is It?
	• Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused by initiation of nutrition in severely malnourished patient.
overload) Other Symptoms ... deficiency • Primary hyperparathyroidism ... • Secondary hyperparathyroidism ... Treatment/Prevention ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Hypercalcemia - EKG Findings
Causes of Hypercalcemia 
• Malignancy 
• Milk-alkali syndrome 
• Vitamin D toxicity 
•
• Milk-alkali syndrome ... Paget's disease • Hyperparathyroidism ... Differential #Causes #Diagnosis
Ramsay Hunt Syndrome - Herpes Zoster Oticus 
Triad:
1. Ipsilateral facial paralysis 
2. Ear pain 
3. Vesicles
Ramsay Hunt Syndrome ... Guillain-Barré syndrome ... • Stroke syndromes ... HerpesZoster #Oticus #Diagnosis ... #Symptoms #Signs
Hyperthermia Syndromes Comparison
Serotonin Syndrome - NMS - Malignant Hyperthermia - Malignant Catatonia
Cause - Onset - Vitals
Hyperthermia Syndromes ... Comparison Serotonin Syndrome ... Mental Status - Treatment ... #Hyperthermia #Syndromes ... #Comparison #diagnosis