10 results
Approach to Acid Base Disorders - Evaluation and Differential Diagnosis
1) Start with the Anion Gap (AG).
2)
Approach to Acid ... Evaluation and Differential ... Anion Gap (AG). 2) ... Generally, for acid ... Disorders #Evaluation #workup
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential ... Algorithm Acidosis ... Metabolic alkalosis ... Diagnosis #Causes #Workup ... #Nephrology
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
Inherited Defects ... Cystinuria - Amino acid ... acidosis - alpha-Intercalated ... #Kidney #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Differential
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
poisoning Normal acid-base ... high in kidney tubular ... and potassium acid ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... 2. ... Differentials? ... Diarrhea - Renal tubular ... ABG #bloodgas #Acid
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
(NAGMA) - Differential ... Framework and Workup ... normal Type 2: ... Losses via NGT tube ... #nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
: Differential Diagnosis ... chronic respiratory acidosis ... (11-ß HSD type 2 ... reabsorptive defect ... #Differential #
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Hypochloremia - Differential ... - Metabolic alkalosis ... filtration rate by tubulo-glomerular ... secretion • Acid-base ... cause metabolic acidosis
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Hypokalemia - Differential ... hypokalemia • Renal tubular ... acidosis (type ... 1 of 2), Ureterosigmoidostomy ... , glycyrrhizic acid
Causes of Hyperkalemia
l. Pseudohyperkalemia
  A Cellular efflux; thrombocytosis, erythrocytosis, leukocytosis, in vitro hemolysis
  B.
Hereditary defects ... Acidosis B. ... E-aminocaproic acid ... uropathy, post-acute tubular ... #Hyperkalemia #Differential