10 results
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
- Differential ... • Meningeal signs ... ) • Systemic symptoms ... and signs (e.g. ... conditions: • Stroke
Photophobia and Headache - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Why?
• The coexistence of photophobia and headache suggests the potential
- Differential ... - Autonomic symptoms ... meningeal irritation signs ... Mydriasis • Painful optic ... #differential #
Signs and Symptoms Associated With Different Headache Etiologies
 • Nonfocal mental status changes - Meningitis, encephalitis,
Signs and Symptoms ... tentorial herniation, stroke ... sensory deficit - Stroke ... #signs #symptoms ... #clues #differential
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
- Differential ... → Syncope • Signs ... /Symptoms: - Lightheadedness ... sensations - Headache ... Disorientation, Headache
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
Coltivirus Symptoms ... meningovascular (stroke ... influenzae Symptoms ... Acute meningeal signs ... regarded as a strong
Takayasu’s Arteritis: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

 - Fatigue, weight loss, low grade fever, arthralgias
 - Incr
, CRP, WBC - Aortic ... Orthostasis, Syncope, Headache ... Convulsions, TIA/Stroke ... Vasculitis #Diagnosis #Signs ... #Symptoms
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
sign of cutaneous ... < 30 years • Aorta ... Arteritis): • Aorta ... 50 years • New headache ... of headache, cognitive
Giant cell arteritis (GCA)

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) definition: Most common systemic inflammatory vasculitis in older adults
those coming off aorta ... systemic sx + signs ... very remarkable w/differential ... claudication, headaches ... GCA #Temporal #Signs
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
Vasculitides - Differential ... < 30 years - Aorta ... Presentation - Systemic Symptoms ... Palpable purpura: strong ... sign of cutaneous
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
10-33% develop MS ... • Bilateral signs ... and/or symptoms ... for brain and/or optic ... management #neurology #differential