13 results
Trendelenburg Gait: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Skeletal Pathology of the Hip
 • Arthritis
 • Congenital hip dysplasia
Neurologic • Stroke ... dislocation Iatrogenic ... pathophysiology #causes ... symptoms #signs #diagnosis ... #msk
Leg Pain - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Bone/Joint Causes of Leg Pain:
 • Fracture
 • Arthritis
 • Gout/pseudogout
- Differential Diagnosis ... strain injury • Iliotibial ... band syndrome ... lower #extremity #msk ... #physicalexam
Upper Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Motor Function
Shoulder:
 • Abduction - C5,C6 (axillary)
 • Adduction - C6, C7,
" ± Horner Syndrome ... Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ... Anterior Shoulder Dislocation ... Dermatomes #Myotomes #diagnosis ... sensory #motor #arm #physicalexam
Major neurocognitive disorders (MNCD): Diagnosis and workup 

1) Clinical diagnosis Cognitive impairment + loss of autonomy
2)
hydrocephalus, HIV ... Alzheimer - 1st cause ... Aphaso-apraxo-agnosia syndrome ... Frontal atrophy Vascular ... multiple ischemic stroke
Causes of Knee Effusions - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Knee Effusion Red Flags:
1. Fever/Chills/Joint pain/Night sweats/Weight loss
	- DDX:
		-
Causes of Knee Effusions ... - Differential Diagnosis ... fracture - Patellar dislocation ... Knee #Effusions #causes ... #msk #physicalexam
Posterior Knee Dislocation Injury
Specifically, POSTERIOR KNEE DISLOCATIONS can have significant associated injury that needs unique approach
: ~25% cases. ... Check hip and ankle ... Compartment syndrome ... consider compartment syndrome ... Posterior #Injury #msk
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
cortical lesions • Vascular ... circulation: MCA ACA ... Constipation, Seizures, Stroke ... the underlying cause ... with AEDs until cause
One and a Half Syndrome on Physical Exam

This 28 year old patient presented to clinic with
One and a Half Syndrome ... this are tumors, strokes ... the hospital, diagnosed ... with MS, and started ... #PhysicalExam #
Hearing Loss - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Hearing Loss Types:
• Conductive
• Sensorineural
• Mixed
Presbycusis is the most common type
- Differential Diagnosis ... Diabetes mellitus • Stroke ... stroke may affect ... masses and lymphadenitis ... II ○ Susac’s syndrome
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
- Differential Diagnosis ... pulse deficits vascular ... hip • Muscle strength ... occasional oligoclonal bands ... often causes arthritis