19 results
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Chloride Algorithm Cl ... Kidney loss of Cl ... of sodium and potassium ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #diagnosis
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
- Differential Diagnosis ... acidosis: Gl tract ... acidosis: Proximal ... Algorithm #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Renal tubular acidosis (RTA): refers to a group of conditions all of which cause the same
Renal tubular acidosis ... of conditions all ... end result: a metabolic ... causes of RTA #Diagnosis ... Features #Table #Comparison
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
(AG) = {Na - (Cl ... Metabolic acidosis ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Interpretation #Diagnosis ... #Summary #Nephrology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Non-anion Gap Metabolic ... Potassium-sparing ... ACE-Is and ARBs ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Differential Algorithm Acidosis ... Metabolic alkalosis ... Differential #Algorithm #Diagnosis ... #Causes #Workup ... #Nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
treated with IV potassium ... Pressure: - Metabolic ... acidosis: Proximal ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis ... #nephrology #low
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
- Differential Diagnosis ... Framework and Workup ... #Metabolic #NAGMA ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Workup #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... • NSAIDs • ACE ... infusions) - Metabolic ... acidosis - Hyperkalemia ... #high #nephrology
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
- Differential Diagnosis ... Excessive vomiting - Metabolic ... acidosis - Cl ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... Pathophysiology #Nephrology