12 results
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Metabolic Alkalosis ... poisoning Normal acid-base ... the indicated causes ... of sodium and potassium ... #differential #diagnosis
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... Alkalosis - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Diuretics (late) • High ... #Nephrology #Causes
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... (AG) = {Na - (Cl ... : Causes of High ... of Metabolic Alkalosis ... bloodgas #Acid #Base
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
• Normal Acid-Base ... Syndrome • HTN, High ... #Algorithm #causes ... #potassium #low ... #nephrology
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
- Differential Diagnosis ... alkalosis - Fistulas ... secretion • Acid-base ... components of acid-base ... may cause metabolic
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
treated with IV potassium ... urinary losses: • High ... Alkalosis: Emesis ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis ... #nephrology #low
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Causes of High-anion ... of High-anion Gap ... Potassium-sparing ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... Alkalosis - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Diuretics (late) • High ... #Nephrology #Causes
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... phlebotomy High ... infusions) - Metabolic ... #causes #potassium ... #high #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... phlebotomy High ... infusions) - Metabolic ... #causes #potassium ... #high #nephrology