16 results
Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure
Pathophysiology:
Chronic heart failure leads to an increase in inflammatory cytokines → Inflammation
Iron Deficiency ... Heart Failure Pathophysiology ... and iron release Diagnosis ... #heartfailure #diagnosis ... #management #cardiology
Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure - Diagnosis and Treatment Algorithm
Diagnosis: Ferritin <100 ng/mL (absolute ID) OR
Heart Failure - Diagnosis ... Ferritin <100 ng/mL ... Ferritin 100-299 ng/mL ... Guidelines: • ACC ... #management #algorithm
Posterior Elbow Dislocation
The elbow is the second most commonly dislocated major joint in adults and the
ligamentous injury (LCL ... > MCL), brachial ... fracture • ED Management ... Radiology #XRay #Diagnosis ... #Sports #MSK
RADIAL HEAD FRACTURE 
Radial head fractures are the most common elbow fracture in adults and are
Ligamentous injury (LCL ... > MCL), coronoid ... fracture • ED Management ... Radiology #XRay #Diagnosis ... #MSK
Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL) Injury: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Classification of PCL Iniuries
 • Partial: Translation <
Cruciate Ligament (PCL ... structures, such as the ACL ... #Injury #MSK #Sports ... #pathophysiology ... classification #diagnosis
Mucoid Degeneration of the ACL
Imaging Findings:
 • T2-hyperintense fluid-signal within the enlarged ACL on both the
Degeneration of the ACL ... within the enlarged ACL ... configuration of ACL ... • ACL ganglion ... #msk
Schematic representation of the major sources of ammonia production and its excretory pathway (GI = gastrointestinal,
Multiple myeloma, CML ... , AML - Large ... Primary carnitine deficiency ... #Ammonia #Pathophysiology ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Monteggia Fracture 
Fracture of proximal ulnar shaft with radial head dislocation. Remember “MUGR” to recall where
ligamentous injury (LCL ... ) • ED Management ... Radiology #XRay #Diagnosis ... #Management #Orthopedics ... #Proximal #MSK
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Pathophysiology: Triggering factor (infection,...)→Activation of CD8 T cells (IFN-y) → Excessive activation of macrophages
Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) Pathophysiology ... Ferritin >1000 ng/ml ... sIL-2R >2400 Ul/ml ... Cellular immune deficiency ... #management #treatment
Scurvy (Vitamin C Deficiency) - Diagnosis and Management

Vitamin C is required for hydroxylation of proline residues
Scurvy (Vitamin C Deficiency ... ) - Diagnosis and ... Management Vitamin ... nonimmune hemolysis MSK ... #Management