10 results
Negative contrast effect = a washout of the contrast (agitated saline) in the right atrium in
effect = a washout ... patient with an ASD ... #effect #washout ... #ASD #atrial #septal ... #defect #a4c #Echocardiogram
ASD on Bubble Contrast Echocardiogram (a4c)
A patient with an anterior STEMI (take a look at the
ASD on Bubble Contrast ... previously undiagnosed ASD ... you close the defect ... #septal #defect ... #ASD #Bubble #Contrast
Negative Contrast Effect in Right Atrium - Differential Diagnosis
1. Small secundum ASD or PFO with left
Effect in Right ... Diagnosis 1. ... Small secundum ASD ... to right shunt 2. ... #Effect #Right
Coronary Artery Embolism - Etiology and Scoring
Etiology:
 • Direct: Clot (LV thrombus, LAA Thrombus), Valve (Vegetation,
Etiology: • Direct ... Minor: • < 25% stenosis ... prosthetic valve, PFO, ASD ... cardiac surgery, endocarditis ... scoring #criteria #cardiology
Rheumatic Heart Disease - Mitral Stenosis on Echocardiogram
(1) Thickened and fibrosed MV leaflets - rheumatic etiology
(1) Thickened ... (2) Lvef 25-30% ... (7) patient in atrial ... #clinical #cardiology ... #a4c #thrombus
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome - Diagnosis and Management Summary
A defect in arterial oxygenation due to a gas exchange
Management Summary A defect ... diffusion-perfusion defect ... (Type 1) or anatomic ... shunt (Type 2) ... • Oxygenation defect
Giant dilated left atrium on Echocardiogram (a4c)
It belongs to a 92-year old lady with a history
Mitral valve doesn ... sinus rhythm... 1. ... aneurysm idiopathic. 2. ... ASD with R/L shunting ... #clinical #cardiology
Atrial Fibrillation (A-Fib) Summary

Symptoms:
• Palpitations, light-headedness, dizziness, dyspnea, exercise intolerance, chest pain, near-syncope, syncope.

Why?
Cardiac:
	• Valvular heart
Cardioversion 1. ... cardioversion 2. ... Moderate or severe mitral ... stenosis • Mechanical ... diagnosis #management #cardiology
Double Shunt on Echocardiogram
What do you see on this saline contrast study, in a patient with
1. ... >LAP as atrial septum ... stretched PFO or ASD ... clinical #pocus #a4c ... intrapulmonary #cardiology
Preoperative Risk Evaluation

Major Pre-Op Questions:
1. Does the patient have any modifiable risk factors that could be
indication of AC ... one post op Cardiology ... Severe Aortic stenosis ... CARP, DECREASE V trials ... management for select