10 results
Stroke Etiologies
Hemorrhagic (IPH, SAH)
Ischemic
 - Large Vessel Atherosclerosis
 - Cardioembolic: Atrial fib, prosthetic valves, LV aneurysm,
Cardioembolic: Atrial ... , LV aneurysm, Endocarditis ... Hypercoagulable states, PFO and ... paradoxical embolism ... #causes #differential
Causes of Ischemic Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Thrombosis - Atherosclerosis, Arterial Dissection, Fibromuscular Dysplasia
 - Large
Causes of Ischemic ... Stroke - Differential ... • Bacterial endocarditis ... infarction • Pulmonary ... #Causes
Coronary Artery Embolism - Etiology and Scoring
Etiology:
 • Direct: Clot (LV thrombus, LAA Thrombus), Valve (Vegetation,
- Most Common Cause ... non-culprit vessels • Atrial ... prosthetic valve, PFO, ASD ... cardiac surgery, endocarditis ... #diagnosis #differential
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... Cerebral > Splenic, pulmonary ... Marantic (NTBE) Differential ... via ASD • Metastatic ... embolism Endocarditis
Major Brain Complications of Endocarditis
Abscess:
 • May be macro or micro and occur at site of
Complications of Endocarditis ... in the distal arterial ... meninges due to direct ... aureus Ischemic stroke ... caused by septic
Widened Pulse Pressure - Differential Diagnosis and Pathophysiology

Pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic blood
Pulse Pressure = Stroke ... of developing atrial ... mmHg developed atrial ... • Infective Endocarditis ... Infarction • Pulmonary
Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure - Differential Diagnosis Framework
DECREASED INSPIRED OXYGEN
 • Low PATM Can decrease first part
Respiratory Failure - Differential ... reversible diffusion defects ... embolus SHUNT ... shunting (eg, atrial ... ventricular septal defects
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
and Differential ... Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... Cerebral > Splenic, Pulmonary ... via ASD • Metastatic ... emboli cause injury
Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Vascular Causes of Acute Liver Injury: 
 • Hepatic vein:
Liver Injury - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Vascular Causes ... liver, Thrombosis, Emboli ... #diagnosis #algorithm
Preoperative Risk Evaluation

Major Pre-Op Questions:
1. Does the patient have any modifiable risk factors that could be
murmur 3/6) - Pulmonary ... algorithm to determine ... days before Pulmonary ... • <6mo since stroke ... management for select