21 results
Coronary Artery Embolism - Etiology and Scoring
Etiology:
 • Direct: Clot (LV thrombus, LAA Thrombus), Valve (Vegetation,
- Most Common Cause ... non-culprit vessels • Atrial ... prosthetic valve, PFO, ASD ... cardiac surgery, endocarditis ... Embolism #diagnosis #differential
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome - Diagnosis and Management Summary
A defect in arterial oxygenation due to a gas exchange
lung disease Caused ... right atrial passage ... gas (ABC) analysis ... cirrhosis • Intra-pulmonary ... perfusion scanning or pulmonary
Portopulmonary Hypertension
Presence of pulmonary arterial hypertension in a patient with portal hypertension
No other obvious causes (chronic
other obvious causes ... artery pressure ... m/s • Other signs ... ventricular size, Right atrial ... artery diameter
Widened Pulse Pressure - Differential Diagnosis and Pathophysiology

Pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic blood
of developing atrial ... mmHg developed atrial ... • Infective Endocarditis ... Infarction • Pulmonary ... #cardiology
Causes of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
 - Most common cause worldwide. Commissural fusion, thick MV leaflets
disease Infective endocarditis ... vegetations)/tumor (left atrial ... occur 10—20 years after ... #diagnosis #differential ... #cardiology
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... Cerebral > Splenic, pulmonary ... Marantic (NTBE) Differential ... Paradoxical emboli via ASD ... Treat underlying cause
Bronchiectasis is defined as localized bronchial dilatation.
The diagnosis of bronchiectasis is usually based on a combination
accompanying small artery ... The most common cause ... #Diagnosis #Radiology ... #Pulmonary #Bronchiectasis ... #Differential #
Uncommon Causes of Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema (NCPE) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

High Altitude Pulmonary Edema:
 • Accumulation
Edema (NCPE) - Differential ... evidence of left atrial ... insufficiency shortly after ... • Signs/Symptoms ... #differential #diagnosis
Causes of Primary and Functional Mitral Regurgitation (MR) 
Causes of primary mitral regurgitation
 - Rheumatic heart
Infective/marantic endocarditis ... plane into left atrium ... muscle injury: Direct ... Primary #Functional #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Cardiology
Negative Contrast Effect in Right Atrium - Differential Diagnosis
1. Small secundum ASD or PFO with left
in Right Atrium ... - Differential ... Small secundum ASD ... #Diagnosis #cardiology ... echocardiogram #s4c