11 results
Negative Contrast Effect in Right Atrium - Differential Diagnosis
1. Small secundum ASD or PFO with left
Negative Contrast ... Diagnosis 1. ... Small secundum ASD ... or PFO with left ... #s4c #pocus #bubble
Negative contrast effect = a washout of the contrast (agitated saline) in the right atrium in
Negative contrast ... patient with an ASD ... #washout #ASD # ... septal #defect #a4c ... #Echocardiogram
Giant dilated left atrium on Echocardiogram (a4c)
It belongs to a 92-year old lady with a history
Mitral valve doesn ... sinus rhythm... 1. ... aneurysm idiopathic. 2. ... ASD with R/L shunting ... #atrium #a4c #Echocardiogram
What's the Dx?
• 29-year-old male 
• Transfer community hospital 
• Hypotension
• Renal failure
• Altered mental status.
Using IV heroin • Negative ... Clips 1 and 2 demonstrate ... a mobile mitral ... #Clinical #POCUS ... #Echocardiogram
Double Shunt on Echocardiogram
What do you see on this saline contrast study, in a patient with
1. ... shifts left ... stretched PFO or ASD ... #clinical #pocus ... #a4c #intrapulmonary
Fever Patterns - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Continuous Fever:
Temp > 38°C with only 1 degree fluctuation in 24
Fever Patterns - Differential ... 38°C with only 1 ... • Typhus, gram-negative ... 2 weeks followed ... Fever #Patterns #Differential
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
mitral regurgitation ... • Coagulase-negative ... Marantic (NTBE) Differential ... Paradoxical emboli via ASD ... • Left sided > Right
Coronary Artery Embolism - Etiology and Scoring
Etiology:
 • Direct: Clot (LV thrombus, LAA Thrombus), Valve (Vegetation,
Paradoxical: Right to Left ... prosthetic valve, PFO, ASD ... cardiac surgery, endocarditis ... Major + 1 Minor ... Embolism #diagnosis #differential
Rheumatic Heart Disease - Mitral Stenosis on Echocardiogram
(1) Thickened and fibrosed MV leaflets - rheumatic etiology
Heart Disease - Mitral ... (1) Thickened ... (2) Lvef 25-30% ... spontaneous echo contrast ... clinical #cardiology #a4c
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
and Differential ... mitral regurgitation ... aureus, Coagulase-negative ... Paradoxical emboli via ASD ... #Differential #