9 results
Negative Contrast Effect in Right Atrium - Differential Diagnosis
1. Small secundum ASD or PFO with left
Negative Contrast ... Diagnosis 1. ... Small secundum ASD ... echocardiogram #s4c ... #pocus #bubble
Coronary Artery Embolism - Etiology and Scoring
Etiology:
 • Direct: Clot (LV thrombus, LAA Thrombus), Valve (Vegetation,
(Vegetation, Thrombus ... , PFO, ASD, h/o ... cardiac surgery, endocarditis ... #Embolism #diagnosis ... #differential #
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
formation • Other vegetations ... Marantic (NTBE) Differential ... Paradoxical emboli via ASD ... -mm left sided vegetations ... #Endocarditis #diagnosis
Double Shunt on Echocardiogram
What do you see on this saline contrast study, in a patient with
1. ... Early transit of bubbles ... stretched PFO or ASD ... , and later (after ... clinical #pocus #a4c
Causes of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
 - Most common cause worldwide. Commissural fusion, thick MV leaflets
disease Infective endocarditis ... (vegetations)/tumor ... atrial myxoma)/ball valve ... stenosis #Causes #diagnosis ... #differential #
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
and Differential ... Paradoxical emboli via ASD ... than 5 to 7 days after ... -mm left sided vegetations ... #Endocarditis #Differential
Giant cell arteritis (GCA)

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) definition: Most common systemic inflammatory vasculitis in older adults
sx will not be subtle ... involve the temporal artery ... or sed rate): Value ... very remarkable w/differential ... mg per day or 1
SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus)

Suspect:
Clinical evidence of (fatigue, rash, photosensitivity, inflammatory arthritis, weight loss, and fever) and
permanent alopecia Differential ... • Libman-Sacks endocarditis ... /LAC: • Renal artery ... Cytopenias • Cardiac valve ... vegetations APLA
Handlebar Traumatic Injury 
Young girl presents to you after low energy, helmeted bicycle accident. Her vitals
presents to you after ... w/contrast ---> ... retroperitoneal) 1. ... /or delayed diagnosis ... pattern on your differential