9 results
Coronary Artery Embolism - Etiology and Scoring
Etiology:
 • Direct: Clot (LV thrombus, LAA Thrombus), Valve (Vegetation,
(Vegetation, Thrombus ... , PFO, ASD, h/o ... cardiac surgery, endocarditis ... Criteria) OR (2 ... Embolism #diagnosis #differential
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
CA • Involves aortic ... Marantic (NTBE) Differential ... Paradoxical emboli via ASD ... -> TEE • Duke Criteria ... block, annular or aortic
Severity of Aortic Stenosis in Adults 
Current ACC/AHA guidelines recommend cut-off values for Doppler-echocardiographic measurements of
Adults Current ACC ... valve area (AVA ... gradient of >50 mmHg (2) ... common problem in clinical ... Classification #Severity #Criteria
Endocarditis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
What is it? Inflammation of endocardium, typically secondary to infection of
and Management ... commonly affects Aortic ... Diagnosis: Duke Criteria ... (2 Major OR 1 Major ... bacteria, ECHO w/ vegetation
Negative Contrast Effect in Right Atrium - Differential Diagnosis
1. Small secundum ASD or PFO with left
Diagnosis 1. ... Small secundum ASD ... to right shunt 2. ... echocardiogram #s4c ... #pocus #bubble
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
and Differential ... Ovarian CA, involves aortic ... Paradoxical emboli via ASD ... → TEE • Duke Criteria ... #Endocarditis #Differential
Giant dilated left atrium on Echocardiogram (a4c)
It belongs to a 92-year old lady with a history
Echocardiogram (a4c ... Mitral valve doesn ... sinus rhythm... 1. ... ASD with R/L shunting ... #left #atrium #a4c
Double Shunt on Echocardiogram
What do you see on this saline contrast study, in a patient with
1. ... Early transit of bubbles ... stretched PFO or ASD ... Echocardiogram #clinical ... #pocus #a4c #intrapulmonary
Giant cell arteritis (GCA)

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) definition: Most common systemic inflammatory vasculitis in older adults
those coming off aorta ... Diagnosis = clinical ... sx will not be subtle ... or sed rate): Value ... very remarkable w/differential