8 results
Coronary Artery Embolism - Etiology and Scoring
Etiology:
 • Direct: Clot (LV thrombus, LAA Thrombus), Valve (Vegetation,
(Vegetation, Thrombus ... , PFO, ASD, h/o ... cardiac surgery, endocarditis ... Criteria) OR (2 ... Embolism #diagnosis #differential
Negative Contrast Effect in Right Atrium - Differential Diagnosis
1. Small secundum ASD or PFO with left
Diagnosis 1. ... Small secundum ASD ... to right shunt 2. ... echocardiogram #s4c ... #pocus #bubble
What's the Dx?
• 29-year-old male 
• Transfer community hospital 
• Hypotension
• Renal failure
• Altered mental status.
Using IV heroin • Negative ... Clips 1 and 2 demonstrate ... consistent with a vegetation ... secondary to endocarditis ... #MitralValve #Vegetation
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
• Coagulase-negative ... Marantic (NTBE) Differential ... Paradoxical emboli via ASD ... -> TEE • Duke Criteria ... -mm left sided vegetations
Endocarditis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
What is it? Inflammation of endocardium, typically secondary to infection of
and Management ... Diagnosis: Duke Criteria ... (2 Major OR 1 Major ... bacteria, ECHO w/ vegetation ... Summary #duke #criteria
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
and Differential ... aureus, Coagulase-negative ... Paradoxical emboli via ASD ... → TEE • Duke Criteria ... #Endocarditis #Differential
Giant dilated left atrium on Echocardiogram (a4c)
It belongs to a 92-year old lady with a history
Echocardiogram (a4c ... Mitral valve doesn ... sinus rhythm... 1. ... ASD with R/L shunting ... #left #atrium #a4c
Double Shunt on Echocardiogram
What do you see on this saline contrast study, in a patient with
1. ... Early transit of bubbles ... = PFO 2. ... stretched PFO or ASD ... clinical #pocus #a4c