9 results
Differentiating NBTE from Infective Endocarditis
No pathognomonic signs/symptoms or echo features that are specific to NBTE, and
diagnosis can only ... false-negative results: vegetation ... already embolised, Vegetations ... often small (<1 ... in up to 30% of cases
Coronary Artery Embolism - Etiology and Scoring
Etiology:
 • Direct: Clot (LV thrombus, LAA Thrombus), Valve (Vegetation,
(Vegetation, Thrombus ... - Most Common Cause ... , PFO, ASD, h/o ... Artery #Embolism #diagnosis ... #differential #
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Marantic (NTBE) Differential ... Paradoxical emboli via ASD ... Treat underlying cause ... -mm left sided vegetations ... #Endocarditis #diagnosis
Causes of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
 - Most common cause worldwide. Commissural fusion, thick MV leaflets
mobility, thickened and ... disease Infective endocarditis ... (vegetations)/tumor ... atrial myxoma)/ball valve ... #diagnosis #differential
Negative Contrast Effect in Right Atrium - Differential Diagnosis
1. Small secundum ASD or PFO with left
Right Atrium - Differential ... Diagnosis 1. ... Small secundum ASD ... echocardiogram #s4c ... #pocus #bubble
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
and Differential ... Paradoxical emboli via ASD ... Treat underlying cause ... -mm left sided vegetations ... #Endocarditis #Differential
Causes of Primary and Functional Mitral Regurgitation (MR) 
Causes of primary mitral regurgitation
 - Rheumatic heart
Infective/marantic endocarditis ... Vegetations seen ... parachute mitral valve ... Primary #Functional #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Cardiology
Giant cell arteritis (GCA)

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) definition: Most common systemic inflammatory vasculitis in older adults
sx will not be subtle ... or sed rate): Value ... very remarkable w/differential ... identifies 85 to 95% of cases ... mg per day or 1
SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus)

Suspect:
Clinical evidence of (fatigue, rash, photosensitivity, inflammatory arthritis, weight loss, and fever) and
permanent alopecia Differential ... • Libman-Sacks endocarditis ... Cytopenias • Cardiac valve ... vegetations APLA ... • ANA titers > 1: