13 results
Giant dilated left atrium on Echocardiogram (a4c)
It belongs to a 92-year old lady with a history
Giant dilated left atrium ... sinus rhythm... 1. ... ASD with R/L shunting ... dilated #left #atrium ... #a4c #Echocardiogram
Negative Contrast Effect in Right Atrium - Differential Diagnosis
1. Small secundum ASD or PFO with left
Effect in Right Atrium ... 1. ... Small secundum ASD ... to right shunt 2. ... Effect #Right #Atrium
Coronary Artery Embolism - Etiology and Scoring
Etiology:
 • Direct: Clot (LV thrombus, LAA Thrombus), Valve (Vegetation,
Minor: • < 25% stenosis ... non-culprit vessels • Atrial ... prosthetic valve, PFO, ASD ... ) OR (3 Minor) ... Artery #Embolism #diagnosis
Rheumatic Heart Disease - Mitral Stenosis on Echocardiogram
(1) Thickened and fibrosed MV leaflets - rheumatic etiology
(1) Thickened ... (2) Lvef 25-30% ... (3) RV dysfunction ... (7) patient in atrial ... clinical #cardiology #a4c
Atrial Fibrillation (A-Fib) Summary

Symptoms:
• Palpitations, light-headedness, dizziness, dyspnea, exercise intolerance, chest pain, near-syncope, syncope.

Why?
Cardiac:
	• Valvular heart
Atrial Fibrillation ... risk factors Atrial ... left atria, the ... identify left atrial ... test for DM Atrial
Live Ectopic Pregnancy on Transvaginal POCUS

Young female patient, severe abdominal pain. +preg test. Pelvic exam followed
(see below for diagnosis ... Pearls: #1 Confirm ... an IUP or not. #2 ... at the bedside #3 ... #obstetrics
Postpartum Hemorrhage - Differential Diagnosis and Management 
Uterine Atony (80%) - Most PPH Will respond to
- Differential Diagnosis ... examining hand) 3. ... compression (using ultrasound ... #Management #obstetrics ... #obgyn
Normal hepatic vein Doppler Ultrasound tracing
1) a large antegrade waveform (negative velocity) noted during early and
tracing 1) a large ... a result of atrial ... towards the RV apex 2) ... on RA pressure 3) ... wave is caused by atrial
Preoperative Risk Evaluation

Major Pre-Op Questions:
1. Does the patient have any modifiable risk factors that could be
event, follow ACC ... indication of AC ... Severe Aortic stenosis ... CARP, DECREASE V trials ... stratification #diagnosis
Portopulmonary Hypertension
Presence of pulmonary arterial hypertension in a patient with portal hypertension
No other obvious causes (chronic
thromboembolism) 1) ... Transthoracic echocardiogram ... ventricular size, Right atrial ... ventricular septum 2) ... 25mmHg, PVR > 3