11 results
Mitral Stenosis and Left Atrial Thrombus on Echocardiogram (a4c)

Mitral stenosis is a risk factor for LA
Mitral Stenosis ... and Left Atrial ... #Atrial #Thrombus ... Echocardiogram #clinical #cardiology ... #pocus
Coronary Artery Embolism - Etiology and Scoring
Etiology:
 • Direct: Clot (LV thrombus, LAA Thrombus), Valve (Vegetation,
Paradoxical: Right to Left ... Minor: • < 25% stenosis ... non-culprit vessels • Atrial ... Artery #Embolism #diagnosis ... #differential #
Causes of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
 - Most common cause worldwide. Commissural fusion, thick MV leaflets
atrial myxoma)/ ... ball valve thrombus ... #Causes #diagnosis ... #differential # ... cardiology
Atrial Fibrillation (A-Fib) Summary

Symptoms:
• Palpitations, light-headedness, dizziness, dyspnea, exercise intolerance, chest pain, near-syncope, syncope.

Why?
Cardiac:
	• Valvular heart
atrial thrombus ... TEE to exclude thrombus ... severe mitral stenosis ... Fibrillation #AFib #diagnosis ... #management #cardiology
Pulse Abnormalities - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unequal/DeIayed:
 • Obstructive arterial disease (ie. Atherosclerosis)
 • Aortic dissection
 •
Abnormalities - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... alternate beats: • Left ... Cardiomyopathy Aortic Stenosis ... Abnormalities #Disorders #Cardiology
Right-Sided Heart Failure - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cardiac Causes - Rule out Left-Sided Heart Failure (Most Common):
Heart Failure - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Causes - Rule out Left-Sided ... • Pulmonary Stenosis ... #HeartFailure #Cardiology
Negative Contrast Effect in Right Atrium - Differential Diagnosis
1. Small secundum ASD or PFO with left
Diagnosis 1. ... Small secundum ASD ... or PFO with left ... #Diagnosis #cardiology ... echocardiogram #s4c #pocus
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... Marantic (NTBE) Differential ... Paradoxical emboli via ASD ... • Left sided > Right ... #management #cardiology
Causes of Primary and Functional Mitral Regurgitation (MR) 
Causes of primary mitral regurgitation
 - Rheumatic heart
associated mitral stenosis ... annular plane into left ... atrium. ... Primary #Functional #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Cardiology
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
- Overview and Differential ... Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... Paradoxical emboli via ASD ... #Endocarditis #Differential ... #Diagnosis #cardiology