9 results
Coronary Artery Embolism - Etiology and Scoring
Etiology:
 • Direct: Clot (LV thrombus, LAA Thrombus), Valve (Vegetation,
Coronary Artery ... Paradoxical: Right to Left ... non-culprit vessels • Atrial ... prosthetic valve, PFO, ASD ... #cardiology
Negative Contrast Effect in Right Atrium - Differential Diagnosis
1. Small secundum ASD or PFO with left
Effect in Right Atrium ... Small secundum ASD ... or PFO with left ... to right shunt 2. ... Effect #Right #Atrium
Atrial Fibrillation (A-Fib) Summary

Symptoms:
• Palpitations, light-headedness, dizziness, dyspnea, exercise intolerance, chest pain, near-syncope, syncope.

Why?
Cardiac:
	• Valvular heart
Atrial Fibrillation ... risk factors Atrial ... left atria, the ... atrial thrombus ... atrial occlusion
Giant dilated left atrium on Echocardiogram (a4c)
It belongs to a 92-year old lady with a history
atrium on Echocardiogram ... aneurysm idiopathic. 2. ... ASD with R/L shunting ... #atrium #a4c #Echocardiogram ... #clinical #cardiology
Lead AVR on ECG
1. Acute myocardial infarction: ST elevation > 1.5 mm in aVR, indicative of
indicative of left ... main coronary artery ... death. 2. ... Subepicardial atrial ... : AVNRT, AVRT, atrial
Double Shunt on Echocardiogram
What do you see on this saline contrast study, in a patient with
Early transit of bubbles ... >LAP as atrial septum ... shifts left ... stretched PFO or ASD ... , and later (after
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome - Diagnosis and Management Summary
A defect in arterial oxygenation due to a gas exchange
anatomic shunt (Type 2) ... Microbubbles appear in left ... right atrial passage ... gas (ABC) analysis ... HPS Diagnostic Criteria
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... Paradoxical emboli via ASD ... -> TEE • Duke Criteria ... than 5 to 7 days after ... diagnosis #management #cardiology
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... Paradoxical emboli via ASD ... → TEE • Duke Criteria ... than 5 to 7 days after ... Differential #Diagnosis #cardiology