9 results
Stages in the development of HF and recommended therapy by stage. ACEI indicates angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor;
inhibitor; AF, atrial ... CAD, coronary artery ... ventricular; LVH, left ... ACCAHA #Algorithm #Management ... #Cardiology
Negative Contrast Effect in Right Atrium - Differential Diagnosis
1. Small secundum ASD or PFO with left
Effect in Right Atrium ... Small secundum ASD ... or PFO with left ... to right shunt 2. ... Effect #Right #Atrium
Atrial Fibrillation (A-Fib) Summary

Symptoms:
• Palpitations, light-headedness, dizziness, dyspnea, exercise intolerance, chest pain, near-syncope, syncope.

Why?
Cardiac:
	• Valvular heart
Atrial Fibrillation ... risk factors Atrial ... left atria, the ... atrial thrombus ... atrial occlusion
Giant dilated left atrium on Echocardiogram (a4c)
It belongs to a 92-year old lady with a history
atrium on Echocardiogram ... aneurysm idiopathic. 2. ... ASD with R/L shunting ... #atrium #a4c #Echocardiogram ... #clinical #cardiology
Coronary Artery Embolism - Etiology and Scoring
Etiology:
 • Direct: Clot (LV thrombus, LAA Thrombus), Valve (Vegetation,
Coronary Artery ... Paradoxical: Right to Left ... non-culprit vessels • Atrial ... prosthetic valve, PFO, ASD ... #Coronary #Artery
Double Shunt on Echocardiogram
What do you see on this saline contrast study, in a patient with
Early transit of bubbles ... >LAP as atrial septum ... shifts left ... stretched PFO or ASD ... , and later (after
Pacemaker Operating Modes
1 - Chamber paced
     A (atrium), V (ventricle), D (dual/both)
2
paced A (atrium ... sensed or paced atrial ... Post-ventricular atrial ... during which an atrial ... sensed by the atrial
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome - Diagnosis and Management Summary
A defect in arterial oxygenation due to a gas exchange
Management Summary ... anatomic shunt (Type 2) ... Microbubbles appear in left ... right atrial passage ... gas (ABC) analysis
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... Paradoxical emboli via ASD ... than 5 to 7 days after ... Endocarditis #diagnosis #management ... #cardiology