11 results
Causes of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
 - Most common cause worldwide. Commissural fusion, thick MV leaflets
kidney disease Congenital ... vegetations)/tumor (left atrial ... occur 10—20 years after ... stenosis #Causes #diagnosis ... #differential #cardiology
Coronary Artery Embolism - Etiology and Scoring
Etiology:
 • Direct: Clot (LV thrombus, LAA Thrombus), Valve (Vegetation,
Coronary Artery ... non-culprit vessels • Atrial ... prosthetic valve, PFO, ASD ... , h/o of cardiac ... #Embolism #diagnosis
Right Heart Catheterization Cheat Sheet: Interpretation of Pressures and Waveforms 
Direct measurements
 ● Central venous pressure
pressure (PCWP) ● Cardiac ... SVR = 80 x [mean artery ... PCWP]/CO) ● Cardiac ... ventricular stroke work ... Interpretation #Diagnosis
Palpitations - Differential Diagnosis Framework

What?
• It is an unpleasant awareness or sensation that the heart is
- Differential Diagnosis ... heart failure • Mitral ... stenosis) • Severe mitral ... Standing up straight after ... #Palpitations #Cardiology
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Prosthetic valve • Congenital ... mitral regurgitation ... Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... Paradoxical emboli via ASD ... than 5 to 7 days after
Atrial Fibrillation (A-Fib) Summary

Symptoms:
• Palpitations, light-headedness, dizziness, dyspnea, exercise intolerance, chest pain, near-syncope, syncope.

Why?
Cardiac:
	• Valvular heart
Cardiac: • Valvular ... Anticoagulation ≥4 weeks after ... Moderate or severe mitral ... Fibrillation #AFib #diagnosis ... #management #cardiology
The location of the cardiac valves is best determined on the lateral radiograph.
A line is drawn
location of the cardiac ... mitral valves sit ... enlargement of the left atrium ... #Clinical #Diagnosis ... #Radiology #CXR
Cardiac Tamponade - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
Caused by an accumulation of blood, pus, effusion fluid
Cardiac Tamponade ... indicated, start CPR ... • Diagnostic ... pericardiocentesis (Box B). ❽ After ... #Management #Workup
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
Prosthetic valve • Congenital ... mitral regurgitation ... Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... Paradoxical emboli via ASD ... than 5 to 7 days after
Neuroprotection following Cardiac Arrest - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
Outcome from cardiac arrest is determined by
results from poor vital ... ❹ Insert intra-arterial ... discuss with cardiology ... Intraoperative #Checklist #Diagnosis ... #Management #Workup