13 results
Unmeasured Anions Associated with an Elevated Anion Gap and Metabolic Acidosis

#Unmeasured #Anions #Gap #Metabolic #Acidosis #Diagnosis
Gap and Metabolic ... #Gap #Metabolic ... #Acidosis #Diagnosis ... #Nephrology #Table ... #Differential #
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Non-reabsorbable anions ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Differentials? ... Diagnosis: Causes ... sedation, narcotics, CVA ... Interpretation #Diagnosis ... #Summary #Nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
tubular acidosis Anion ... of sodium and potassium ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential # ... diagnosis
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
treated with IV potassium ... Non-reabsorbable anions ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis ... #Algorithm #differential ... #potassium #nephrology
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
Diagnosis Framework ... and Workup NAGMA ... NonAnionGap #Acidosis #Metabolic ... #Diagnosis #Workup ... #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
to be higher in Asians ... in the distal tubule ... → Hypokalemia Metabolic ... Pathophysiology #nephrology ... #diagnosis
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Gap Metabolic Acidosis ... Potassium-sparing ... #Acidosis #differential ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Alkalosis: Differential ... Diagnosis ECF ... other • Severe potassium ... #Diagnosis #Causes ... #nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... Heat stroke - Metabolic ... Monitor potassium ... causes #treatment #nephrology