11 results
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... and concentrated urine ... edgarvlermamd - Nephrology ... #Microscopy #Diagnosis ... #Nephrology
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
- Diagnostic of ... ” - Necrotic tubular ... crystals may indicate metabolic ... Microscopy #Atlas #key #diagnosis ... #nephrology #casts
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Urine Microscopy ... suggestive of nephrotic ... - Strong Medicine ... #nephrology #interpretation ... #diagnosis
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
- Urinary Chloride ... of sodium and potassium ... #Urinary #Chloride ... #nephrology #differential ... #diagnosis
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
A urine K/Cr ratio ... • Diarrhea A urine ... mEq/g suggests urinary ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis ... #nephrology #low
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
require urgent nephrology ... circulating volume, Urinary ... obstruction, Nephrotoxic ... IMPROVEMENT If the urine ... #nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
: Differential Diagnosis ... > 20 meq/L • Primary ... other • Severe potassium ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Causes #nephrology
Algorithm - Approach to the differential diagnosis of the patient presenting with overt glomerular proteinuria. CMV
arbitrarily defined as urine ... cell/white cell casts ... nervous system (stroke ... urine sediment ... #syndrome #nephrology
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
clots ➔ Lower Urinary ... hematuria: - RBC casts ... Hematuria: • Stone ... Upper and Lower urinary ... #nephrology #renal
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Heat injury, Heat stroke ... - Metabolic myopathies ... Cast formation: ... Monitor potassium ... causes #treatment #nephrology