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differential management algorithm alkalosis causes hypokalemia pathophysiology syndrome treatment checklist chloride hyperkalemia k low rhabdomyolysis urinary workup
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
in the distal tubule ... → Hypokalemia Metabolic ... Contraction → ↑ Renin ↑ Ca ... Pathophysiology #nephrology ... #diagnosis
How do you work up an ischemic CVA? A) Initial Evaluation • ABCs • IV access, monitor
you work up an ischemic ... suspicion) • +/- bubble ... #CVA #stroke #workup ... #diagnosis #checklist ... #neurology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis • Kidney loss of Cl-
Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... in the proximal tubule ... of sodium and potassium ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #diagnosis
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
A urine K/Cr ratio ... • Diarrhea A urine ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis ... #nephrology #low
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L • Gastric alkalosis:
: Differential Diagnosis ... furosemide-like lesion) • Gitelman ... other • Severe potassium ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Causes #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
distal convoluted tubule ... Hypochloremic metabolic ... Hypocalciuria (spot urine ... #Syndrome #diagnosis ... #nephrology #management
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary Causes of Rhabdomyolysis: • Trauma: - Immobilization - Crush injury - Compartment
Heat injury, Heat stroke ... - Metabolic myopathies ... perfusion → renal ischemia ... Monitor potassium ... causes #treatment #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
/crush injury, ischemia ... lysis) ± Urine ... ileus/obstruction (ischemia ... Management #Treatment #potassium ... #nephrology #K
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