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nephrology differential algorithm alkalosis chloride bartter causes epithelial fanconi hypochloremia hypokalemia inherited kidney liddle localization management nephron osteomalacia physicalexam rickets
Localization of Renal Tubular Defects Fanconi Syndrome: Proximal tubule Bartter Syndrome: Thick ascending loop of Henle Gitelman Syndrome: Distal
Renal Tubular Defects ... loop of Henle Gitelman ... Fanconi #Bartter #Gitelman ... #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
Gitelman Syndrome ... Gitelman Syndrome ... → Hypokalemia Metabolic ... #Syndrome #Pathophysiology ... #nephrology #diagnosis
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter Bartter
Inherited Defects ... ascending limb Gitelman ... Epithelial #Inherited #Defects ... #Kidney #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Differential
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L • Gastric alkalosis:
: Differential Diagnosis ... reabsorptive defect ... furosemide-like lesion) • Gitelman ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Causes #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
Gitelman Syndrome ... distal convoluted tubule ... Hypochloremic metabolic ... #Syndrome #diagnosis ... #pathophysiology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis • Kidney loss of Cl-
diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... in the proximal tubule ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #diagnosis
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Cause - Decreased Intake: • Low salt in diet • Exclusive D5W
- Differential Diagnosis ... - Bartter - Gitelman ... SIGNS: • Muscle ... #Algorithm #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology #Chloride
The Neurological Evaluation of a Comatose Patient Definition: • Coma: a state of unresponsiveness; the absence of
Differential Diagnosis ... • Mutism Pathophysiology ... • Examine for signs ... #PhysicalExam #neurology ... #comatose #diagnosis
Rickets and Osteomalacia: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings • Calcification inhibitors (excess exposure to A1, Fluoride, etidronate)
Phosphate: renal tubule ... Abnormal Vitamin D Metabolism ... mineralization defect ... #Osteomalacia #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #signs
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