10 results
ASD on Bubble Contrast Echocardiogram (a4c)
A patient with an anterior STEMI (take a look at the
ASD on Bubble Contrast ... previously undiagnosed ASD ... Ivan_Echocardio #atrial ... #ASD #Bubble #Contrast ... #clinical #cardiology
Large atrial septal defect on cardiac POCUS with an oddly satisfying bubble study.

Eric Abrams, MD @eabramsMD

#Bubble
Large atrial septal ... defect on cardiac ... #Study #ASD #Atrial ... SeptalDefect #Clinical #Cardiology ... Echocardiogram #A4C
Causes of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
 - Most common cause worldwide. Commissural fusion, thick MV leaflets
disease Infective endocarditis ... vegetations)/tumor (left atrial ... myxoma)/ball valve ... stenosis #Causes #diagnosis ... #differential #cardiology
Coronary Artery Embolism - Etiology and Scoring
Etiology:
 • Direct: Clot (LV thrombus, LAA Thrombus), Valve (Vegetation,
Etiology: • Direct ... Fibroelastoma), Mass (Myxoma ... prosthetic valve, PFO, ASD ... cardiac surgery, endocarditis ... Artery #Embolism #diagnosis
Negative Contrast Effect in Right Atrium - Differential Diagnosis
1. Small secundum ASD or PFO with left
in Right Atrium ... Small secundum ASD ... #cardiology #clinical ... echocardiogram #s4c ... #pocus #bubble
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
mitral regurgitation ... Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... myxoma • Hypercoagulable ... Paradoxical emboli via ASD ... #cardiology
Atrial Fibrillation (A-Fib) Summary

Symptoms:
• Palpitations, light-headedness, dizziness, dyspnea, exercise intolerance, chest pain, near-syncope, syncope.

Why?
Cardiac:
	• Valvular heart
wide-complex tachycardia: bundle ... ventricles; to detect ... Moderate or severe mitral ... Fibrillation #AFib #diagnosis ... #management #cardiology
Causes of Primary and Functional Mitral Regurgitation (MR) 
Causes of primary mitral regurgitation
 - Rheumatic heart
Infective/marantic endocarditis ... plane into left atrium ... muscle injury: Direct ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Cardiology
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
Diagnosis Framework ... mitral regurgitation ... Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... myxoma • Hypercoagulable ... Paradoxical emboli via ASD
Preoperative Risk Evaluation

Major Pre-Op Questions:
1. Does the patient have any modifiable risk factors that could be
specific questions to ask ... one post op Cardiology ... CARP, DECREASE V trials ... management for select ... stratification #diagnosis