6 results
Negative Contrast Effect in Right Atrium - Differential Diagnosis
1. Small secundum ASD or PFO with left
Small secundum ASD ... or PFO with left ... to right shunt 2. ... echocardiogram #s4c ... #pocus #bubble
Coronary Artery Embolism - Etiology and Scoring
Etiology:
 • Direct: Clot (LV thrombus, LAA Thrombus), Valve (Vegetation,
Fibroelastoma), Mass (Myxoma ... Paradoxical: Right to Left ... non-culprit vessels • Atrial ... prosthetic valve, PFO, ASD ... , h/o of cardiac
Double Shunt on Echocardiogram
What do you see on this saline contrast study, in a patient with
Early transit of bubbles ... other) causing ⬆️ RA ... as atrial septum ... shifts left ... stretched PFO or ASD
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... myxoma • Hypercoagulable ... : • New cardiac ... via ASD • Metastatic ... ↑ ESR, CRP • EKG
Persistent Left Superior Vena Cava and Unroofed Coronary Sinus
Bubble study for cryptogenic stroke.  Left arm
Coronary Sinus Bubble ... → L superior cardinal ... CS (dilated) & RA ... or both atria via ... echocardiogram #pocus
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... myxoma • Hypercoagulable ... : • New cardiac ... via ASD • Metastatic ... ↑ ESR, CRP • EKG