27 results
A normal plantar reflex response involves toe flexion, or even no movement. A positive test, also
A normal plantar ... reflex response ... a Babinski sign ... PhysicalExam #Diagnosis ... #Neurology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... Differential Diagnosis ... investigations abnormal ... signs • Glomerulonephritis ... #nephrology #causes
Parinaud's syndrome
What?
 • Light-near dissociation (tectal pupils)
 • Convergence retraction nystagmus
 • Eyelid retraction (Collier's sign)
Parinaud's syndrome ... "setting sun" sign ... • Dorsal midbrain ... and pretectal area ... #neurology #diagnosis
The Neurological Evaluation of a Comatose Patient

Definition:
 • Coma: a state of unresponsiveness; the absence of
Differential Diagnosis ... Unresponsive wakefulness syndrome ... • Locked-in syndrome ... • Examine for signs ... #PhysicalExam #neurology
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
nonspecific; seen in normal ... broad - Advanced kidney ... Fatty - Nephrotic syndrome ... edgarvlermamd - Nephrology ... #Nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... chloride responsive and ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #diagnosis
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Anterior Cord Syndrome ... rectal reflex. ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #orthopedics #neurology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
arrhythmias and ... differentiating kidney ... consumption • Low/Normal ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis ... differential #potassium #nephrology
Albuminuria (Grades) and Risk for CKD
Normal to mildly increased albuminuria:
 - Albumin excretion rate: < 30
Risk for CKD Normal ... of progressive kidney ... nephrotic syndrome ... classification #CKD #nephrology ... #diagnosis #proteinuria
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome - Diagnosis
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome is an idiosyncratic reaction to antipsychotic medications classically characterized
- Diagnosis Neuroleptic ... Malignant Syndrome ... status: catatonic signs ... , sialorrhea), Reflexes ... #Diagnosis #neurology