21 results
Differential diagnosis for toxic/metabolic encephalopathies - Patterns on Brain Imaging

Cynthia Czawlytko, MD @drcyncity

#Differential #diagnosis #encephalopathies #encephalopathy
Differential diagnosis ... encephalopathies - Patterns ... Brain #imaging #patterns ... #MRI #Neurology ... pathology #diseases #radiology
Causes of Neuromuscular Weakness
 • Spinal Cord: Demyelinating Disease (MS), Epidural abscess, Infarction, Syringomyelia, Tetanus, Transverse
Causes of Neuromuscular ... Weakness • Spinal ... Motor Nerves: ALS ... #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #neurology
Generalized Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework
"l feel weak":
 • Infectious: Influenza, EBV, PNA, Bacteremia, Sepsis
 •
Generalized Weakness ... - Differential ... Polyneuropathy, ALS ... Diagnosis #causes ... #neurology
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
Weakness - Differential ... changes - Common pattern ... aminotransferases • Serology ... EMG) studies • MRI ... Diagnosis #neurology
Arrhythmias - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
May present as: palpitations, dizziness, syncope, chest discomfort
Cardiac Causes:
 - Structural
Arrhythmias - Differential ... Algorithm May present as ... tissue (previous MI ... • Cocaine - Psychiatric ... #Differential #
Imaging Patterns of Toxic and Metabolic Brain Disorders

Thalami, Mammillary Bodies and Tectum: Wernicke Encephalopathy
Dentate Nuclei: Metronidazole,
Imaging Patterns ... Pons: ODS #MRI ... Disorders #Clinical #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Radiology ... #Neurology
Evolution of MRI Findings in Stroke

MR images at five subsequent time points in a 67-year-old woman
with left hand weakness ... it possible to differentiate ... hyperintense at all ... CVA #Clinical #Radiology ... Interpretation #Findings #Neurology
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
Compatible syndrome + MRI ... lung nodules, may also ... Lesions #Brain #differential ... #diagnosis #causes ... #radiology #neurology
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - Summary

Acute AIDP that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness

Epidemiology:
 • 1-2 cases/100,000 per
progressive flaccid weakness ... Epidemiology: • 1-2 cases ... complete paralysis of all ... axonal form • MRI ... management #treatment #neurology
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
- Causes progressive ... weakness in the ... MRI: Brain, cervical ... conditions listed in differential ... Lateral #Sclerosis #neurology