7 results
Management of Diabetes Mellitus in Patients With CKD

1. Monitor for changes in BP, serum creatinine, &
Continue ACEi or ... evidence-based pharmacologic ... #Diabetes #CKD # ... #Insulin #metformin ... #ACEi #ARB.
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia: • CKD ... • NSAIDs • ACE ... (Uncontrolled diabetes ... paralysis - Insulin ... #causes #potassium
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia: • CKD ... • NSAIDs • ACE ... (Uncontrolled diabetes ... paralysis - Insulin ... #causes #potassium
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Causes of High-anion ... Ketoacidosis: Diabetic ... Potassium-sparing ... ACE-Is and ARBs ... #differential #diagnosis
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Medications: K+, ACEi ... /ARBs, NSAIDs, β-blockers ... VBG (acidosis), CK ... only if no clear cause ... Management #Treatment #potassium
Preoperative Risk Evaluation

Major Pre-Op Questions:
1. Does the patient have any modifiable risk factors that could be
Insulin dependent ... high risk > 1% risk ... ACEi/ARBs - Hold ... Diabetes regimen ... stratification #diagnosis
Causes of Hyperkalemia
l. Pseudohyperkalemia
  A Cellular efflux; thrombocytosis, erythrocytosis, leukocytosis, in vitro hemolysis
  B.
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... combination with ACE ... Diabetes, diabetic ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #High #Potassium