14 results
Diagnostic Algorithm for Dizziness and Vertigo
Peripheral Vertigo:
 • Attacks: Sudden, severe, can last anywhere from seconds
Diagnostic Algorithm ... with vascular causes ... BPPV • Short-lived ... Hearing loss. ... Long symptom-free
Causes of Peripheral and Central Vertigo
PERIPHERAL VERTIGO
1. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) - Short-lived (typically less
Causes of Peripheral ... (BPPV) - Short-lived ... (typically less ... Vascular disorders ... #diagnosis #neurology
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Equina Syndrome Causes ... of normal leg reflexes ... CaudaEquina #Syndrome #MSK ... #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #symptoms
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
Spinal Cord Disorders ... - Differential Diagnosis ... injury • Gait is abnormal ... Non-compressive Spinal Cord Causes ... #diagnosis #neurology
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
survival is 93-95% Pathophysiology ... appetite, weight loss ... anterior/posterior MSK ... heart (2-5%), liver ... (pain/abnormal
Scurvy (Vitamin C Deficiency) - Diagnosis and Management

Vitamin C is required for hydroxylation of proline residues
Deficiency) - Diagnosis ... Psychiatric symptoms ... hemorrhages • Loss ... nonimmune hemolysis MSK ... , or any other cause
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
65 years PBC Pathophysiology ... bile ducts • Loss ... intralobular bile ducts causes ... PBC Signs and Symptoms ... or higher • Liver
Low Alkaline Phosphatase - Hypophosphatasia 

Is Low Alkaline Phosphatase Of Clinical Importance?

ALP enzyme- Discovered in 1923
Low
synthesized in: liver ... Most cases diagnosed ... collection with EDTA Pathophysiology ... mineralization Symptoms ... respiratory failure • Neurologic
Hearing Loss - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Hearing Loss Types:
• Conductive
• Sensorineural
• Mixed
Presbycusis is the most common type
Diagnosis Framework ... include a: • Neurologic ... cause unknown) ... Mitochondrial disorders ... Noise trauma ○ MS
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
- Differential Diagnosis ... Dehydration - Loss ... Collapse: • Pathophysiology ... Syncope • Signs/Symptoms ... #causes #stroke