2316 results
Lupus Nephritis Primer
Class I - Minimal Mesangial
Class II - Mesangial Proliferative
Class Ill - Focal Proliferative
Class IV
Membranous Class VI - Advanced ... Classification #Classes #differential
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK

Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol
Oxoproline
Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential ... underexcretion of acids in advanced ... Acidosis #HAGMA #Differential
Acute Hypoxemia - Differential Diagnosis
 • Hyperacute: Aspiration, Flash Pulmonary Edema, Mucous Plugging, Bronchospasm, Pulmonary Embolism,
Acute Hypoxemia - Differential ... Diffusion: ILD, pHTN, Advanced ... Hypoxemia #hypoxia #Differential
Causes of Wide Pulse Pressure - Differential Diagnosis
Physiologic:
 • Advanced age-arteriosclerosis (less compliant arteries)
 • Well
Pulse Pressure - Differential ... Physiologic: • Advanced ... Pulse #Pressure #Differential
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis by Mechanism
Decr Blood Pressure (“Decr Effective Circulating Volume”) 
 - Volume depletion
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Suppressed - Advanced ... #Hyponatremia #Differential
Urine Specific Gravity - Interpretation
Specific Gravity = Density of urine / Density of water
SG close to
at ~1.010: • Advanced ... Interpretation #diagnosis #differential
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Waxy and broad - Advanced ... Urinary #Casts #Differential
Widened Pulse Pressure - Differential Diagnosis and Pathophysiology

Pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic blood
Pulse Pressure - Differential ... Physiologic Causes: • Advanced ... outcomes in CKD Differential ... Pulse #Pressure #Differential
Bronchiectasis - Summary

What?
• Bronchiectasis is derived from the Greek words bronckos meaning airway and ectasis meaning
pulmonale, in advanced ... Bronchiectasis #pulmonary #differential
Causes of Peripheral and Central Vertigo
PERIPHERAL VERTIGO
1. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) - Short-lived (typically less
any patient of advanced ... Vertigo #Causes #differential