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Overview guide to looking for causes to hyponatremia. Visit gramproject.com for more medical diagrams, tables and
to looking for causes ... to hyponatremia ... medical diagrams, tables ... #algorithm #differential ... #causes #hyponatremia
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis by Mechanism
Decr Blood Pressure (“Decr Effective Circulating Volume”) 
 - Volume depletion
Hyponatremia - Differential ... - Malignancy (e.g ... DrEricStrong #Hyponatremia ... Differential #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes #Sodium
Etiologies of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
GI losses / Insensible losses
Sodium Overload
Transcellular Movement of Water
Central Diabetes Insipidus
Etiologies of Hypernatremia ... - Medications (e.g ... DrEricStrong #Hypernatremia ... Differential #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes
Intraoperative Anaphylaxis - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
• Unexplained hypotension
• Unexplained bronchospasm (wheeze may be absent
in Anaesthesia ... arrest where other causes ... alternate vasopressor (e.g ... as patient is stable ... Anesthesiology #Anesthesia
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia ... time you have a case ... of hypotonic hyponatremia ... normal volume-based algorithm ... differential #diagnosis #table
Treatment of Stable Narrow-Complex Tachycardia
Regular Rhythm:
 • Attempt vagal maneuvers
 • Give adenosine 6 milligrams IV
Treatment of Stable ... Treat underlying cause ... Treat underlying cause ... #Stable #NarrowComplex ... management #cardiology #algorithm
Preoperative Risk Evaluation

Major Pre-Op Questions:
1. Does the patient have any modifiable risk factors that could be
complications from anesthesia ... functional status - Able ... metabolic equivalent able ... event, follow ACC algorithm ... Stable patients
Emergency Evacuation  - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
Anaesthetised or sedated patient requires unplanned transfer because
Guidelines for Crises ... environmental hazard (e.g ... Transfer on operating table ... remember mains cable ... Guidelines for crises
It is important to recognize Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF) as more than just simply a
ECG is vital while ... the determined cause ... #differential #algorithm ... cardiology #treatment #table