100 results
Urine Anion Gap in NAGMA
NA + K - Cl = surrogate for Urine NH4+
NH4+ is excreted
Urine Anion Gap ... surrogate for Urine ... negative AG implies ↑ ammonium ... RTA (nb ↑K) - Renal ... #AnionGap #NAGMA
Types of Renal Calculi

Calcium oxalate
 - Interstitial apatite plaque, Low urine volume, Increased urinary calcium excretion,
apatite plaque, Low urine ... duct plaque, Low urine ... - Magnesium, ammonium ... phosphate: alkaline urine ... Infection with ammonia-producing
Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA)  Type 1 

Totally scuppers the kidney's acidification mechanism. Will be
Distal Renal Tubular ... diagnosis with direct urine ... ammonium assay. ... Failure to acidify urine
Ammonium Urate Crystals on Urine Microscopy
Very much like a black sea urchin in these particular examples

Dr.
Ammonium Urate Crystals ... on Urine Microscopy ... @JoseTesser #Ammonium ... clinical #nephrology #urine
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
ammonium concentration ... - RenalUrine ... Renal Loss of HCO3 ... - Renal insufficiency ... Hypoaldosteronism - Renal
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
oxoproline) • Renal ... Renal acidosis ... hyperkalemia (with renal ... Acid loads (ammonium ... exchange resins #aniongap
Urine Osmolar Gap Calculation

Urine Osmolar Gap represents ammonium salts = Measured Urine Osmolality - (2 x
Urine Osmolar Gap ... Calculation Urine ... Gap represents ammonium ... salts = Measured Urine ... + Urea/2.8) Urine
Toluene Poisoning - Diagnosis and Management Summary
What is it?  Volatile hydrocarbon, Glue or paint-sniffing, Occupational
effects (inc psych) Renal ... acidosis, ↓K+ Renal ... nephrocalcinosis) • Urine ... ammonium may be
GOLDMARK - Mnemonic for Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
G - Glycols
O - Oxoproline
L - L-Lactate
D - D-Lactate
M
- Aspirin R - Renal ... GOLDMARK #Mnemonic #AnionGap
Urine Microscopy Crystals
Uric Acid crystals:
 - Formation promoted by acidic urine
 - Seen in tumor lysis
Urine Microscopy ... promoted by acidic urine ... promoted by alkaline urine ... disease Magnesium ammonium ... independent of urine