39 results
Localization of Renal Tubular Defects
Fanconi Syndrome: Proximal tubule
Bartter Syndrome: Thick ascending loop of Henle
Gitelman Syndrome: Distal
Localization of Renal ... loop of Henle Gitelman ... Fanconi #Bartter #Gitelman ... Nephron #Defects #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
Gitelman Syndrome ... Pathophysiology ... Gitelman Syndrome ... #Syndrome #Pathophysiology ... #nephrology #diagnosis
Structure and function of the Adrenal Glands

#Adrenal #Glands #Function #Hormones #Actions #Pathophysiology #Endocrinology

** GrepMed Recommended Text:
function of the Adrenal ... Glands #Adrenal ... Hormones #Actions #Pathophysiology ... #Endocrinology ... GrepMed Recommended Text
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Algorithm Extra-renal ... loss (Diarrhea) Renal ... SAME, Cushing Syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrom ... potassium #low #nephrology
Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis
Renal Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Familial:
Bartter syndrome and Gitelman syndrome, Isolated recessive hypomagnesemia,
Differential Diagnosis Renal ... Familial: Bartter syndrome ... and Gitelman syndrome ... hypomagnesemia Renal ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
, Gitelman Syndrome ... hyperaldosteronism • High PRA: Renal ... GRA, Cushing's syndrome ... , Liddle syndrome ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
, Gitelman's syndrome ... acid, Liddle's syndrome ... , Congenital adrenal ... • Cushing's syndrome ... algorithm #causes #nephrology
The principal endocrine 'axes' and glands. Parathyroid glands, adrenal zona glomerulosa and endocrine pancreas are not
Parathyroid glands, adrenal ... abbreviations see text ... Endocrine #Axes #Endocrinology ... #Pathophysiology
Cushing Syndrome Testing Algorithm
INDICATIONS FOR TESTING:
 • Suspected Cushing syndrome (central obesity, muscle weakness, refractory hypertension)
Testing:
Cushing Syndrome ... dexamethasone suppression test ... Hormone • MRI of adrenal ... diagnosis #algorithm #endocrinology ... #Adrenal #Hyperfunction
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
, Gitelman Syndrome ... hyperaldosteronism • High PRA: Renal ... GRA, Cushing's syndrome ... , Liddle syndrome ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Nephrology