16 results
DKA DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA:
1. Serum glucose >250 mg/dL
2. Arterial pH <7.3
3. Serum bicarbonate <18 mEq/L
4. At least
cases occur in ... and significant anion ... Common, early signs ... the increase in anion ... gap closes and
Ketosis Disorders
Ketone bodies are a normal metabolic energy source. Excessive unregulated production of ketones, often accompanied
accompanied by an anion ... ) - caused by complete ... leading to marked anion ... Glucosuria causes ... diagnosis #management #endocrinology
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
out of cells may cause ... 3) Follow the anion ... Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... #pathophysiology ... #endocrinology
Pathyophysiology - hyperglycemic crises in patients with diabetes 
Key signs/symptoms of HHS/DKA:
Both: Polyuria, polydipsia, weight loss,
Pathyophysiology ... hyperglycemic crises ... diabetes Key signs ... symptoms of HHS/DKA ... , hypotension) DKA
The Chvostek sign (/ˈkvɒstɪk/) is a clinical sign of existing nerve hyperexcitability (tetany) seen in hypocalcemia.It
The Chvostek sign ... in respiratory alkalosis ... hyperventilation, which causes ... negative in the alkalotic ... Video #Clinical #endocrinology
Salicylate Toxicity - Diagnosis and Management

Consider if:
1) Patient is hot and altered
2) You see tachypnea with
no respiratory cause ... 3) Labs show anion-gap ... Presentation seems like DKA ... , Shock Labs: Anion-Gap ... Acidosis, Respiratory Alkalosis
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift
 • Recovery From DKA
 • Refeeding Syndrome
 • Acute Respiratory
Recovery From DKA ... Acute Respiratory Alkalosis ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #endocrinology ... #causes
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
wasting from other causes ... suggests extra-renal causes ... - Metabolic Alkalosis ... Non-reabsorbable anions ... RTA, Distal RTA, DKA
Growth Hormone Excess - Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Acromegaly and gigantism share the same pathophysiology
share the same pathophysiology ... • Other rare causes ... Overproduction #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #endocrinology ... #pathophysiology
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
hypertension and signs ... and metabolic alkalosis ... renal bruit or signs ... Causes: • Vascular ... Vasculitis • Endocrinologic