10 results
Approach to Acid Base Disorders - Evaluation and Differential Diagnosis
1) Start with the Anion Gap (AG).
2)
and Differential Diagnosis ... Start with the Anion ... Metabolic Acidosis ... Gap Metabolic Acidosis ... #acidosis #alkalosis
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... Metabolic alkalosis ... Metabolic alkalosis ... #bloodgas #Acid ... #Base #Gas #VBG
Acid Base and Blood Gas Analysis
1. pH - What’s the primary disturbance?
2. pCO2 - What’s the
Acid Base and Blood ... anion gap metabolic ... acidosis - anion ... gap metabolic acidosis ... #acidosis #alkalosis
Blood Gas (ABG) Interpretation and Acid-Base Pathology
1- Does the patient have an acidosis or an alkalosis?
Interpretation and Acid-Base ... do more work = ANION ... Interpretation #BloodGas ... #Acidosis #Alkalosis ... #Diagnosis
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Normal Acid-Base ... Non-reabsorbable anions ... Algorithm #causes #potassium
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Metabolic Alkalosis ... Anion gap metabolic ... poisoning Normal acid-base ... of sodium and potassium ... #differential #diagnosis
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
treated with IV potassium ... Alkalosis: Emesis ... Non-reabsorbable anions ... acidosis: Proximal ... #diagnosis #Algorithm
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
- Differential Diagnosis ... alkalosis - Fistulas ... - Gitelman SIGNS ... extracellular anion ... acidosis - Cl
Causes of Hypokalemia
I. Decreased intake
   A. Starvation
   B. Clay ingestion
II. Redistribution into
Acid-base ... Metabolic alkalosis ... nonreabsorbed anions ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Low #Potassium
#ICUCard
RENAL
GFR
90-131
mL/min
((140-age)*Wt)/(72*Cr)
Glomerular Filtration Rate (Cockcroft)
CI Cr
90-131
mL/min
(CrU * volume)/CrS
Creatinine Clearance
FENa
0.0-1.0
%
((U/P Na)/(U/P Cr))*100
Fractional Excretion of Na+
Na req
mEq
(125-Na)*0.6*Wt
Required Sodium
FE Urea
Trans Tubular Potassium ... Osmolar Gap ACID-BASE ... - (Cl + НСО3) Anion ... Acidosis ІнСО3 ... Alkalosis ТНСО3