11 results
Atrial Fibrillation Overview

Symptoms:
Palpitations, light-headedness, dizziness, dyspnea, exercise intolerance, chest pain, near-syncope, syncope.

1. Why?
Cardiac:
• Valvular heart disease
•
Atrial Fibrillation ... Symptoms: Palpitations ... Cardiac: • Valvular ... Anticoagulation ... #Atrial #Fibrillation
Atrial Fibrillation - Diagnosis, Causes, Presentations
Causes (PIRATES):
 - Pulmonary embolism 
 - Ischemia (cardiac) 
 -
Atrial Fibrillation ... - Diagnosis, Causes ... (PIRATES): - Pulmonary ... - Ischemia (cardiac ... AFib #Diagnosis
Atrial Fibrillation (A-Fib) Summary

Symptoms:
• Palpitations, light-headedness, dizziness, dyspnea, exercise intolerance, chest pain, near-syncope, syncope.

Why?
Cardiac:
	• Valvular heart
Atrial Fibrillation ... Symptoms: • Palpitations ... Cardiac: • Valvular ... Noncardiac: • Pulmonary ... AFib #diagnosis
Causes of Palpitations
 • ARRHYTHMiA 
 • SINUS ARRYTHMIA 
 • ATRIAL FIBRILLATION 
 • ATRIAL
Causes of Palpitations ... FIBRILLATION ... SYPATHOMIMETICS • CARDIAC ... PHAEOCHROMOCYTOMA • PULMONARY ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Abnormal Jugular Venous Pressure Waveforms - Differential Diagnosis
 - Absent a wave - Atrial fibrillation, sinus
fibrillation, sinus ... myxoma, pulmonary ... waves - Large cv ... Absent y descent - Cardiac ... #PhysicalExam #
Causes of Ischemic Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Thrombosis - Atherosclerosis, Arterial Dissection, Fibromuscular Dysplasia
 - Large
- Differential Diagnosis ... Valvular • Atrial ... fibrillation ... infarction • Pulmonary ... Ischemic #Stroke #CVA
Palpitations - Differential Diagnosis Framework

What?
• It is an unpleasant awareness or sensation that the heart is
Diagnosis Framework ... Palpitations Diagnosis ... fibrillation/flutter ... Pheochromocytoma • Pulmonary ... /Afib/WPW) • Loss
Hyperthyroidism Overview

Clinical Manifestation of Hyperthyroidism:
 • Fatigue
 • Weight loss
 • Heat intolerance
 • Depression, nervousness
or tremors • Palpitations ... Metastatic Follicular CA ... Cardiac arrhythmia ... Ophthalmoplegia • Atrial ... fibrillation/flutter
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
dental procedure • Cardiac ... Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... : • New cardiac ... Cerebral > Splenic, pulmonary ... cause + Systemic anticoagulation
Preoperative Risk Evaluation

Major Pre-Op Questions:
1. Does the patient have any modifiable risk factors that could be
murmur 3/6) - Pulmonary ... exam Determine Cardiac ... b) CHF c) CVA ... Anticoagulation ... stratification #diagnosis