10 results
Cardiac Auscultation Maneuvers for Murmurs
Maneuvers result in INCREASED murmur:
 • Inspiration - Right-sided
 • Valsalva -
Cardiac Auscultation ... VSD • Transient arterial ... Murmurs #Cardiac #cardiology ... #physicalexam # ... diagnosis
Widened Pulse Pressure - Differential Diagnosis and Pathophysiology

Pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic blood
- Differential ... • Infective Endocarditis ... • Mitral Regurgitation ... • Mitral Stenosis ... #causes #cardiology
Abnormal Jugular Venous Pressure Waveforms - Differential Diagnosis
 - Absent a wave - Atrial fibrillation, sinus
Jugular Venous Pressure ... Waveforms - Differential ... Diagnosis - Absent ... #Diagnosis #PhysicalExam ... #cardiology
Auscultation of Split S2 - Differential Diagnosis
 • Normal or physiologic
 • Wide, fixed splitting -Atrial
Auscultation of ... Diagnosis • Normal ... fixed splitting -Atrial ... #Diagnosis #cardiology ... physicalexam
Atrial Fibrillation (A-Fib) Summary

Symptoms:
• Palpitations, light-headedness, dizziness, dyspnea, exercise intolerance, chest pain, near-syncope, syncope.

Why?
Cardiac:
	• Valvular heart
right ventricular pressure ... β-blocker or CCB Anticoagulation ... Moderate or severe mitral ... Fibrillation #AFib #diagnosis ... #management #cardiology
Causes of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
 - Most common cause worldwide. Commissural fusion, thick MV leaflets
disease Infective endocarditis ... vegetations)/tumor (left atrial ... stenosis #Causes #diagnosis ... #differential # ... cardiology
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Involves aortic and mitral ... Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... Marantic (NTBE) Differential ... cause + Systemic anticoagulation ... #cardiology
Causes of Primary and Functional Mitral Regurgitation (MR) 
Causes of primary mitral regurgitation
 - Rheumatic heart
and Functional Mitral ... Infective/marantic endocarditis ... plane into left atrium ... Primary #Functional #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Cardiology
Cannon A waves during AVNRT on Physical Exam
In AVNRT, the atria and ventricles contract nearly simultaneously
In AVNRT, the atria ... abrupt rise in RA pressure ... are enough to diagnose ... excludes other differentials ... #JVP #Cardiology
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
and Differential ... involves aortic and mitral ... Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... cause + Systemic anticoagulation ... Diagnosis #cardiology