12 results
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
tumour causing injury ... Syndromes #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #msk #orthopedics ... #neurology
Aortoenteric Fistula - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology:
• Uncommon but life-threatening
• Most common site of bowel connection
duodenum Clinical Signs ... • Should be on differential ... Pathophysiology: ... de novo between aorta ... or within the aorta
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... Algorithm and Differential ... clinical context and signs ... Vasculits: ANCA, ANA ... Acute #Kidney #Injury
Meralgia paresthetica: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Compression/injury of Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve (LFCN) -> Meralgia paresthetica
 •
Findings Compression/injury ... MeralgiaParesthetica #MSK ... #pathophysiology ... #differential # ... diagnosis #signs
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Hematuria - Differential ... Immune mediated injury ... hematuria • Signs ... renal vein between aorta ... Diagnosis #causes #urology
Varicocele: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Primary:
 - Anatomically: the left spermatic vein drains into the left renal
the abdominal aorta ... #Varicocele #Pathophysiology ... #Signs #Symptoms ... #Urology #Diagnosis
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Hypertension - Workup and Differential ... hypertension and signs ... or acute kidney injury ... renal bruit or signs ... Coarctation of aorta
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
Vasculitides - Differential ... < 30 years - Aorta ... branches • GCA: - Aorta ... purpura: strong sign ... LFT • ESR • ANA
Photophobia and Headache - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Why?
• The coexistence of photophobia and headache suggests the potential
and Headache - Differential ... Traumatic brain injury ... meningeal irritation signs ... Mydriasis • Painful optic ... ophthalmology #Neurology
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
monophasic Pathophysiology ... Presentation: Injury ... • Bilateral signs ... for brain and/or optic ... #differential