18 results
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
Examination: • UMN signs ... Clonus, Babinski’s sign ... • Lhermitte’s sign ... pupillary defect SIGNS ... Signs and symptoms
Aortoenteric Fistula - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology:
• Uncommon but life-threatening
• Most common site of bowel connection
duodenum Clinical Signs ... known AAA or prior aortic ... Pathophysiology: ... de novo between aorta ... or within the aorta
Varicocele: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Primary:
 - Anatomically: the left spermatic vein drains into the left renal
the abdominal aorta ... #Varicocele #Pathophysiology ... #Signs #Symptoms ... #Urology #Diagnosis
Trendelenburg Gait: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Skeletal Pathology of the Hip
 • Arthritis
 • Congenital hip dysplasia
Chondrodysplasia Neurologic ... Trendelenburg #Gait #pathophysiology ... causes #symptoms #signs ... #diagnosis #msk
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Syndromes #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #msk #orthopedics ... #neurology
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
• Ischemia of optic ... Leakage of optic ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs
Optic Neuritis - Diagnosis and Management
 • Epidemiology: Female (75%), 18-50 years,
caucasian
 • Symptoms: Moderate visual
Optic Neuritis - ... Unilateral • Signs ... - Typical MS-like ... Alistair Baber #Optic ... #rheumatology #ophthalmology
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
hypertension and signs ... heart failure, neurologic ... renal bruit or signs ... Coarctation of aorta ... Neurologic disorders
Graphic representation of transthoracic echocardiographic parameters in the assessment of right ventricular pressure overload. A′ = peak late
acceleration time; Ao = aorta ... and McConnell sign ... view E. 60/60 sign ... pulmonary ejection ms
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
hematuria • Signs ... renal vein between aorta ... Diagnosis #causes #urology ... #nephrology #renal