11 results
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
of High Anion Gap ... acetaminophen dosing ... MDaniyalHashmi1 #AcidBase ... #Summary #Nephrology ... #Gas #VBG #differential
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Normal Acid-Base ... Syndrome • HTN, High ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK

Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol
Oxoproline
High Anion Gap Metabolic ... Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential ... Diagnosis - GOLDMARK ... L-lactate - produced during ... #mnemonic #nephrology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Potassium-sparing ... Expansion acidosis ... Metabolic #Acidosis #differential ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... phlebotomy High ... #potassium #high ... #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
poisoning Normal acid-base ... of sodium and potassium ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential # ... diagnosis
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
complications such as ... urinary losses: • High ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis ... #Algorithm #differential ... #potassium #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... phlebotomy High ... #potassium #high ... #nephrology
Algorithm - Approach to the differential diagnosis of the patient presenting with overt glomerular proteinuria. CMV
Approach to the differential ... arbitrarily defined as ... hour collection based ... red blood cells/high-power ... nephrotic #syndrome #nephrology
The Neurological Evaluation of a Comatose Patient

Definition:
 • Coma: a state of unresponsiveness; the absence of
consciousness Differential ... Diagnosis: • ... Anisocoria + Coma → high ... pontine lesion • Roving ... #comatose #diagnosis