34 results
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
Examination: • UMN signs ... Clonus, Babinski’s sign ... • Lhermitte’s sign ... pupillary defect SIGNS ... Signs and symptoms
Heart failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF)
Clinical Presentation
1. Typical symptoms: dyspnea, orthopnea paroxysmal noctumal dyspnea, fatigue,
Fraction (HFrEF) Clinical ... More Specific Signs ... Less Specific Signs ... Chest x-ray: signs ... acute HF → no signs
Meralgia paresthetica: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Compression/injury of Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve (LFCN) -> Meralgia paresthetica
 •
Pathogenesis and Clinical ... gait, strength, reflexes ... pathophysiology #differential ... #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms
Pott's Disease in Tuberculosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology:
 - Typically from TB endemic areas
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Diagnosis and Management ... extrapulmonary cases Clinical ... Signs/Symptoms: ... years - May have signs ... numbness, decreased reflexes
Emphysematous Cystitis
Epidemiology:
 • Usually middle-aged diabetic women
 • Other RF: neurogenic bladder, urinary tract outlet obstruction,
immune compromise Clinical ... Signs/Symptoms: ... Abdominal or flank ... be present or signs ... ultrasound as initial
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Algorithm and Differential ... blood count with differential ... investigations depending on clinical ... context and signs ... renal biopsy • Abdominal
Stone-In-Neck Sign on Gallbladder POCUS

This 40yo F presented with R flank pain. Here is her biliary
Stone-In-Neck Sign ... sign). ... #Sign #POCUS #clinical ... #gallbladder #ultrasound ... #abdominal #labeled
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
of UMN and LMN signs ... Increased Jaw Jerk reflex ... of UMN and LMN signs ... both UMN and LMN signs ... EMG: LMN Signs in
Rare Causes of Abdominal Pain
 • Hereditary Angioneurotic Edema - Recurrent visceral that may by swelling
- May involve symptoms ... neuropsychiatric symptoms ... Positive Carnett's sign ... incisional hernias: clinical ... #Pain #differential
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Pathogenesis and clinical ... bladder and rectal reflex ... pathophysiology #signs ... #symptoms #msk ... #orthopedics #neurology