16 results
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
and LMN signs in ... and LMN signs to ... LMN signs on examination ... EMG: LMN Signs in ... #neurology #diagnosis
Causes of Dizziness - Vertigo - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
True Vertigo - Illusion of Rotary Movement
Peripheral Vestibular
- Differential Diagnosis ... vomiting, auditory symptoms ... symptoms/signs, ... • Multiple sclerosis ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
signs (Hyperreflexia ... Clonus, Babinski’s sign ... • Lhermitte’s sign ... Signs and symptoms ... #diagnosis #management
Causes of Peripheral and Central Vertigo
PERIPHERAL VERTIGO
1. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) - Short-lived (typically less
with significant neurologic ... Multiple sclerosis ... signs or symptoms ... #differential #diagnosis ... #neurology
Characteristics of Peripheral and Central Vertigo
PERIPHERAL VERTIGO
 • Onset: Sudden
 • Intensity: Severe initially, often decreasing
PERIPHERAL VERTIGO ... and multiple sclerosis ... #diagnosis #findings ... #signs #symptoms ... #comparison #neurology
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
- Differential Diagnosis ... neurological lesion: Clinical ... and signs below ... dysfunction • Abnormal reflexes ... #neurology #differential
Pott's Disease in Tuberculosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology:
 - Typically from TB endemic areas
 -
and Management ... extrapulmonary cases Clinical ... Signs/Symptoms: ... years - May have signs ... numbness, decreased reflexes
Heart failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF)
Clinical Presentation
1. Typical symptoms: dyspnea, orthopnea paroxysmal noctumal dyspnea, fatigue,
Fraction (HFrEF) Clinical ... More Specific Signs ... Less Specific Signs ... Chest x-ray: signs ... acute HF → no signs
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
Pathogenesis and clinical ... Stage 2: Moderate/sclerotic ... diffuse light reflex ... ophthalmology #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Pathogenesis and clinical ... bladder and rectal reflex ... pathophysiology #signs ... #symptoms #msk ... #orthopedics #neurology