8 results
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm
Decreased renal potassium excretion
 • Acute renal failure
 • Chronic renal failure
 • Drugs
Increased
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic ... algorithm Decreased ... renal failure • Chronic ... Nephropathy Renin Normal ... #nephrology #potassium
Algorithm for Management of Acute and Chronic Hyperkalemia
Acute Hyperkalemia:
 - IV calcium (10 mL of 10%)
Algorithm for Management ... in 4 mL) - IV sodium ... mL/min) - Oral sodium ... #Algorithm #Management ... #treatment #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... metabolic acidosis • Chronic ... settings, the urine sodium ... the excretion of sodium ... Chloride #urine #Algorithm
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
remember than the normal ... volume-based algorithm ... : SIADH, Renal Sodium ... Present (Uosm ≥100): Hypovolemia ... #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
thiazide-sensitive sodium ... thiazide-sensitive sodium ... Metabolic alkalosis • Normal ... Rhabdomyolysis Treatment ... #management #pathophysiology
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
- Differential Algorithm ... Hyponatremia: • Hypovolemia ... Nephrotic Syndrome, Chronic ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology ... #sodium #low
Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS) - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Epidemiology:
 • Prevalence: 1-2 cases per million -
Person Syndrome Pathophysiology ... Person Syndrome Treatment ... others (botox, sodium ... Diagnosis #Management #treatment ... #neurology
Mycoses

HISTOPLASMOSIS
• Inhalation of conidia → Yeast → travel to lymph nodes → spread in body
• Bird
85% • < 50% in chronic ... infection) • Chronic ... by culture or serology ... level • A low or normal ... Aspergillosis Pathophysiology