11 results
The Diagnostic Approach to Hyperkalemia
Drugs
 - Amiloride
 - Spironolactone
 - Triamterene
 - Trimethoprim
 - Pentamidine
 -
The Diagnostic Approach ... to Hyperkalemia ... inhibitors Other causes ... #Algorithm #diagnosis ... #differential #causes
Causes of Altered Level of Consciousness GCS < 7 - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Brain Involvement - Hemispheric
Causes of Altered ... Excesses • Liver/Renal ... • Hypercalcemia ... Altered #comatose #aloc ... #Causes
Approach to Hypomagnesemia 

Fractional excretion of magnesium = (urine magnesium x serum creatinine)/ [0.7 (serum magnesium
Approach to Hypomagnesemia ... if renal function ... Hypomagnesemia #algorithm ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #low
Adrenal Insufficiency Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical suspicion: Weakness, fatigue, nausea, musculoskeletal pain, dizziness, volume depletion, abdominal pain,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Weakness, fatigue, nausea ... , hypotension, hyponatremia ... , hyperkalemia, ... insufficiency • Low
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Algorithm Before ... potassium(K) & magnesium ... wasting from other causes ... causes • Laxative ... syndrome, Congenital adrenal
Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI LOSS - FeMg < 2-2.5% or 24h Urine Mg
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... Malabsorption RENAL ... Diuretics • Hypercalcemia-PTH ... Hypomagnesemia #Magnesium ... #Low #Causes #Differential
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased intake (rare cause in isolation)
GI loss - Urine loss
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Gittelman's syndrome • Magnesium ... aldosterone • Renal ... #Causes
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Algorithm Isotonic ... polydipsia • Hypervolemia ... Syndrome, Chronic Renal ... #diagnosis #causes ... nephrology #sodium #low
Malignant Hyperthermia Crisis - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
Unexplained increase in ETCO2 AND tachycardia AND increased
rise is a late sign ... possible fresh gas flow ... with dantrolene Hyperkalaemia ... Arrhythmias: magnesium ... ); may require renal
Cushing's Syndrome - Hypercortisolism - Diagnosis and Clinical Features
1) Skin
 • Thin, easily bruisable skin with
, oral cavity) Caused ... Cataracts Labs: Hypokalemia ... is decreased), hypernatremia ... levels following a low-dose ... Hypercortisolism #Diagnosis #signs