57 results
Parinaud's Syndrome
What?
 - Impaired upgaze
 - Light-near dissociation
 - Convergence retraction nystagmus
 - Eyelid retraction (Collier's
Parinaud's Syndrome ... retraction (Collier's sign ... tumors - Multiple Sclerosis ... → "setting sun sign ... diagnosis #pineal #neurology
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
• Or brainstem syndromes ... • Lhermitte’s sign ... Cramping, Weakness, Ataxia ... objective evidence of neurologic ... diagnosis #management #neurology
Parinaud's syndrome
What?
 • Light-near dissociation (tectal pupils)
 • Convergence retraction nystagmus
 • Eyelid retraction (Collier's sign)
Parinaud's syndrome ... retraction (Collier's sign ... tumors • Multiple sclerosis ... "setting sun" sign ... #neurology #diagnosis
BEE Syndromes - Immune-mediated conditions affecting the brain, eye, and ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in conjunction
BEE Syndromes - ... • Sjögren syndrome ... disease • Multiple sclerosis ... #neurology #inflammatory ... #differential #
Causes of Tremors - Movement Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Action Tremor - Occurs During Voluntary Muscle
Movement Disorders - Differential ... spinocerebellar ataxia ... stroke, multiple sclerosis ... MovementDisorders #Neurology ... #Differential #
Causes of Dizziness - Vertigo - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
True Vertigo - Illusion of Rotary Movement
Peripheral Vestibular
Dizziness - Vertigo - Differential ... symptoms/signs, ... • Multiple sclerosis ... Dizziness #Vertigo #Neurology ... #Differential #
Anticonvulsants as Mood Stabilizers: Mechanism and Side-effect
Examples: Valproate, Carbamazepine, Lamotrigine
 • Mild anticholinergic effect -> Drowsiness
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome ... Dose-dependent tremor, ataxia ... , asthenia • Neurologic ... dizziness, diplopia, ataxia ... #SideEffects #Pathophysiology
Causes of Hemiplegia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cerebral Hemisphere (Contralateral motor cortex)
 • Aphasia
 • Apraxia
 •
of Hemiplegia - Differential ... Acalculia • Alexia ... Brown-Sequard Syndrome ... #Hemiplegia #Neurology ... #Differential #
Peripheral and Central Causes of Vertigo
Peripheral Causes (Common):
 - Labyrinth: Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, Méniére disease,
fistula, Cogan's syndrome ... Wallenberg syndrome ... migraines, Multiple sclerosis ... Central #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #neurology
Pulmonary Renal Syndrome

Definition: Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage + Glomerulonephritis
Presentation (Pulmonary and renal manifestations can occur weeks apart):
Pulmonary Renal Syndrome ... symptomatology Differential ... arthritis, Systemic sclerosis ... #differential # ... diagnosis #nephrology