9 results
Imaging Patterns of Toxic and Metabolic Brain Disorders

Thalami, Mammillary Bodies and Tectum: Wernicke Encephalopathy
Dentate Nuclei: Metronidazole,
Tectum: Wernicke Encephalopathy ... MRI #Patterns #Toxicology ... Disorders #Clinical #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Radiology ... #Neurology
Wernicke's Encephalopathy vs Korsakoff Syndrome - Thiamine Deficiency

Wernicke's encephalopathy is a neurological condition due to longstanding
Wernicke's Encephalopathy ... Wernicke's encephalopathy ... due to chronic alcohol ... Korsakoff #Syndrome #diagnosis ... #comparison #neurology
Refeeding Syndrome Overview

What Is It?
	• Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused by initiation of nutrition in severely malnourished patient.
History of excessive alcohol ... Palpitations • Diarrhea ... syndrome • Wernicke encephalopathy ... Syndrome #Nutrition #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Pathophysiology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Congenital chloride diarrhea ... ketoacidosis • Alcoholic ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential # ... diagnosis
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
 • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
biliary fistula, Diarrhea ... intoxication, Alcohol ... Hypomagnesemia #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Ketoacidosis: Diabetic, Alcoholic ... Diarrhea B. ... Metabolic #Acidosis #differential ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea ... Methanol, Isopropyl Alcohol ... #Algorithm #diagnosis ... #causes #nephrology
Causes of Status Epilepticus in Adults
METABOLIC DISTURBANCES
Hepatic encephalopathy
Hypocalcemia
Hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia
Hyponatremia
Uremia
INFECTIOUS PROCESSES
Central nervous system abscess
Encephalitis
Meningitis
WITHDRAWAL SYNDROMES
Alcohol
Antiepileptic drugs
Baclofen
Barbiturates
Benzodiazepines
CENTRAL
DISTURBANCES Hepatic encephalopathy ... WITHDRAWAL SYNDROMES Alcohol ... Epilepticus #Seizures #Differential ... #diagnosis #causes ... #neurology
Differential Diagnosis: New-Onset Seizure in the Elderly

STRUCTURAL:
 • Stroke/TIA, Subdural hematoma, mass
 • Traumatic Brain Injury
Differential Diagnosis ... seizure threshold TOXICOLOGIC ... : • Alcohol withdrawal ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... Seizure #Elderly #Neurology